蒿柳花粉离体萌发及花粉管生长特性

为明确蒿柳的花粉萌发特征，采用花粉离体培养法，研究了不同温度、光照和培养基对蒿柳花粉萌发的影响。结果表明:培养温度和光照强度均影响蒿柳花粉萌发率和花粉管长度，20~25 ℃是蒿柳花粉萌发的最适温度区间，1 500和2 000 lx是蒿柳花粉萌发的最佳光照强度。正交试验中，一定质量浓度的蔗糖、H₃BO₃及pH值均可显著影响蒿柳花粉萌发，3个因子最佳组合为蔗糖100 g/L、H₃BO₃ 200 mg/L，pH5.0，在光照强度为1 000 lx，温度为25 ℃时，萌发率高于48.8%。利用试验筛选出的蒿柳花粉最佳离体培养组合培养花粉，并与花粉在柱头上活体萌发相比较，二者花粉管长度无显著差异。 

Characteristics of pollen germination and pollen tube growth in Salix viminalis in vitro

In this study, effects of temperature, light intensity and culture medium on the pollen germination were investigated through in vitro culture in Salix viminalis. The results showed that the pollen germination and pollen tube growth of S. viminalis could be affected by culture temperature and light intensity. The optimum temperature range for pollen germination was 15--25 ℃, and the highest germination rates were obtained under the light intensity of 1500 and 2000 lx. The concentration of sucrose, H3 BO3 and the pH value of culture medium could remarkably promote pollen germination at a certain range based on orthogonal design. The optimal culture condition was:basal medium supplemented with 100 g/L sucrose and 200 mg/L H3 BO3 with a pH value of 5. 0. The rate of pollen germination reached 48. 8% under the conditions of 1000 lx and 25℃. There were no significant differences in the pollen germination between in vitro which used basal medium supplemented with 100 g/L sucrose and 200 mg/L H3 BO3 with a pH value of 5. 0 and pollen germination on stigma.