新疆绿洲环境友好型土地利用模式探析——以伊宁市为例

伊宁市是新疆绿洲经济社会发展的重要地区,具有相对的典型性。在综合分析土地利用现状和资源环境容量的基础上,得出伊宁市现阶段土地利用特征与缺陷：自然条件优越,但资源环境容量趋于饱和;建设用地增长快且需求量大,用地矛盾加剧;水土流失与土地退化情况严重;资源利用结构与方式有待进一步优化。借助GIS技术划分出4个生态环境建设功能区：生态景观区、平原农业区、山地牧业区和建设保护生态区。针对各功能区的特点,构建出4种环境友好型土地利用模式：绿洲生态农用地利用模式;特色生态旅游型土地利用模式;集约节约型生态土地利用模式和保育型生态土地利用模式。

Analysis on the Oasis Environment-friendly Land-use Pattern of Xinjiang

Yining City,as a typical case,is one of the most important growth poles in the oasis economy and society of Xinjiang.By analyzing the land use and resources environmental capability,the land-use characteristic and defects of Yining City were pointed out.The natural condition of Yining City was good,but there was no enough room for the resources environmental capability.Its construction land was growing fast and highly quality demanded.The situation of soil erosion and land degradation was very serious.The resources-use pattern and structure needed to be improved.Yining City was divided into four environmental zones:plain-agriculture area,mountainous pasturing area,ecological landscape area and construction-protection ecological area.Based on the characteristics of four environmental zones,four environmental-friendly land-use patterns were constructed,including the oasis ecological farmland-use pattern,characteristic ecotourism land-use pattern,intensively ecological land-use pattern and conservative ecological land-use pattern.