童期长度不同的海棠叶挥发性物质的差异分析

【目的】研究童期长度不同的海棠叶挥发性物质，以确定其特有的香气物质，为海棠早期无损伤育种检测提供新的依据。【方法】采用顶空固相微萃取和气相色谱-质谱联用技术（HS-SPME-GC-MS），分别测定8株童期长度不同的早实海棠叶挥发性物质及其相对含量，并对不同植株叶特异挥发性成分进行探讨。【结果】8株海棠的叶挥发性物质共检测出84种成分，含量较高的叶挥发性物质有：2-氟乙酰胺、顺-3-己烯-1-醇、酸二乙酯、顺-3-己烯-1-醇乙酸酯；不同物质的含量在不同植株间差异较大，但所有植株均含有10种相同成分：罗勒烯、癸醛、月桂醇、酸二乙酯、2,6,10-三甲基十五烷、肉豆蔻醇、鲸蜡烷、2,6,10,14-四甲基十五烷、2,6,10,15-四甲基十七烷和邻苯二甲酸二丁酯。【结论】早实海棠叶挥发性物质在8个植株间存在差异，但均以酯类和烃类为主，顺-3-己烯-1-醇乙酸酯是含量最大的物质；童期长度不同的早实海棠叶特异的香气物质为5,5-二丁基壬烷、(2Z)-2-戊烯醇乙酸酯和1,3-丁间二烯基环丁烷。

Analysis of Leaf Volatiles from Crabapple(Malus sp.) Individuals of Different Juvenile Lengths

【Objective】The aim of this experiment was to analyze the leaf volatiles of crabapple(Malus sp.) individuals at different juvenile lengths,and obtain their particular leaf volatiles,and provide reference for finding out a new breeding method.【Method】Volatiles of leaves from eight different crabapple individuls were evaluated with the method of head space-solid phase micro-extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(HS-SPME-GC-MS).Volatiles profiles of them were then compared.【Result】Eighty-four kinds of volatiles were detected with varied contents found in different individuals.The major leaf volatiles were 2-fluoro-acetamide,(Z)-3-Hexen-1-ol,diethyl phthalate and(Z)-3-hexen-1-ol acetate.Ten identical compositions including 3,7-dimethyl-1,3,7-octatriene,decanal,diethyl phthalate,2,6,10-trimethylpentadecane,2,6,10-1-tetradecanol;2,6,10,14-tetramethyl pentadecane,hexadecane,1-dodecanol;2,6,10,15-tetramethyl heptadecane and Phthalic acid,diisobutyl ester were detected.【Conclusion】Leaf volatiles differ in eight crabapple individuals.But they are all based on esters and hydrocarbons,and the highest content is 3-Hexen-1-ol,acetate.The specific volatiles in the precocious crabapples are(2Z)-2-Penten-1-ol,acetate.(E)-cyclobutane,1,3-butadienyl and 5,5-dibutylnonane.