青海湖南部近54年云量的变化特征分析

为了研究青海湖南部云量的变化趋势以及与相关气候因子的关系，利用青海湖南部共和气象局1961—2014年54年的云量观测资料，分析总、低云量的变化趋势及与相关气候因子的关系。结果表明：自1961年以来该地平均总云量呈微弱增加趋势，而平均低云量呈显著增加趋势。突变分析表明，春季总云量在1963年发生突变，春季低云量在2003年发生突变，冬季低云量在1999年发生了突变，年、夏季和秋季低云量发生突变的时间是2002年。对总云量影响最大的是蒸发量，其次是相对湿度，再次是降水量。总云量与平均风速呈显著的负相关，低云量与平均温度呈极显著正相关。

Analysis of Variation Characteristics of Cloud Cover in Recent 54 Years in the Area of Southern Qinghai Lake

In order to study the change trend of cloud cover and its relationship with meteorological factors in the area of southern Qinghai Lake, based on the data of cloud amount from 1961 to 2014 of Gonghe Weather Stations in the area of southern Qinghai Lake, the authors analyzed the change trends of total and low cloud cover and its relationship with climatic factors. The results showed that the average total cloud cover had a slow increasing trend since 1961, but the average low cloud cover significantly increased. Mutation analysis showed that the spring total cloud cover had a mutation in 1963, and the spring low cloud cover had a mutation in 2003, the winter low cloud cover had a mutation in 1999, and the annual, summer and autumn low cloud cover had a mutation in 2002. The greatest impact on total cloud amount is the evaporation, followed by relative humidity and precipitation. The total cloud cover was significantly and negatively correlated with the average wind speed, the low cloud cover had a significantly positive correlation with the average temperature.