3个樱桃品种叶片解剖结构、色素含量及光合特性的比较

对红灯、萨米脱、美早3个甜樱桃品种的叶面积、解剖结构、色素含量、净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(E)、气孔导度(C)及胞间CO2浓度(int-CO2)等指标进行了比较,进而分析品种间的光合能力。结果表明:3个品种的叶面积存在显著差异,萨米脱樱桃的叶面积最大,美早的叶面积最小;红灯的叶片厚度、栅栏组织厚度显著低于其他品种,3个品种的栅栏与海绵组织厚度比以及类胡萝卜素含量均差异不显著,红灯樱桃叶片细胞内的叶绿素含量比萨米脱和美早高;红灯樱桃叶片的净光合速率显著高于美早,蒸腾速率显著低于美早;各品种间的气孔导度和胞间CO2浓度无显著差异。综合各指标认为:红灯品种的光合能力最高,其次是萨米脱,美早最弱。

Comparison of Anatomical Structure,Pigment Content and Photosynthetic Characteristics in Three Cultivars of Prunus avium L.

In order to understand the-difference of photosynthetic characteristics in the three sweet cherry cultivars named as Hongdeng, Summit and Tieton, the indicators such as leaf area, anatomical structure, pigment content, net photosynthetic rate （Pn）, transpiration rate （E）, stomatal conductance （C） and intercellular CO2 concentration （int-C02）were mensurated in the experiment. The results show that there was significant difference in leaf area, with the largest leaf area for Summit and the smallest one for Tieton. The leaf thickness and palisade tissue thickness of Hongdeng were significantly lower than those of the other two cultivars. There was no significant difference among the cultivars in the ratio of palisade and spongy tissue thickness and carotenoid content. Chlorophyll content of Hongdeng was higher than that of Summit and Tieton. Pn of Hongdeng was significantly higher than that of Tieton and E was significantly lower than that of Tieton. C and int-C02 among the three cultivars had no significant difference. According to the above indicators, these results indicate that Hongdeng posseses the highest photosynthetic capacity, followed by Summit and Tieton.