偃麦草属(Elytrigia Desv.)3种牧草营养器官解剖结构与抗旱性的研究

本文对偃麦草属 3种牧草进行了营养器官解剖结构的研究 ,结果表明营养器官的抗旱结构特性非常明显 ,表现在 :维管束数目多 ;靠近内皮层的 2 -3层皮层薄壁组织细胞 ,从内向外 ,由小到大呈辐射状排列 ;根茎的皮层薄壁组织环较宽 ,茎无色薄壁贮藏组织面积增大 ;泡状细胞的列数增多 ;叶肉细胞呈栅栏状 ,大型维管束两端形成较宽的维管束鞘延伸区 ,均为C3 植物。 3种牧草中 ,中间偃麦草的旱生特性较其他两种明显 ;巴顿硬叶偃麦草较茹沙娜硬叶偃麦草抗旱。

Studies on the Relationships Between Anatomical Structures of Vegetative Organs and the Drought Resistance in Three Elytrigia Species

The structures of the vegetative organs of three Elytrigia Species were studied, and their drought resistant characters were observed. The structures appeared significant adaptation to the drought, which reflected on following aspects: more vascular bundles, wider vessels in metaxylem, larger areas of parenchyma in root? stem and rhizome, more lines of bulliform cells in leaf epidermis, palisade-form of mesophyll cells, well developed mechanical tissues up and below the larger vascular bundles, etc. Among the three species, the structures of E. Intermedia appeared more strong resistance to drought than those of other two.