肉鸡腹水综合征发病机理与防治研究进展

肉鸡腹水综合征是造成商品肉鸡淘汰和死亡的一种重要疾病 ,发病原因包括遗传育种缺陷、饲养管理不善、饲养环境温度过低、环境氨气浓度过高和疾病因素 (包括传染病和中毒病 ) ,研究表明高海拔、低温环境缺氧是造成寒冷季节发病的最主要诱发因素 ,夏秋季节疾病因素成为主要诱发因素。目前认可的肉鸡腹水综合征发病机理有肠道高浓度氨假说和肺动脉高压假说 ,从不同侧面解释了发病机理。院收稿日期 :2 0 0 3- 0 4 - 2 1作者简介 :何　诚 (196 6 - ) ,男 ,宁夏中宁人 ,中国农业大学动物医学院副研究员 ,从事禽病病理生理研究工作。针对形成肺动脉高压的心输出量、肺血管阻力因素 ,国内外研究者观察了血液生化指标、血管舒张收缩因子、肺动脉压力、自由基清除、肺动脉形态等变化 ,试图支持肺动脉高压学说。最近研究发现发病因子造成肉鸡心脏和肺脏功能损伤是肉鸡腹水综合征的内在机制。针对不同的发病因素和发病环节 ,提出了改善心肺功能、降低肺动脉收缩阻力、消除自由基和活血化淤等新措施防治该病的发生

Progress of Research on the Mechanism and Prevention of Broiler Pulmonary hypertension syndrome

Broiler Pulmonary hypertension syndrome (PHS) is an important disease that causes heavy loss in broiler industry. The factors include the congenital defect in broiler breeding,mismanagement,low temperature, high level ammonia and poultry disease (including the infectious and poisoning disease). It implies that hypoxia inducing by high elevatino and low temperature is the mostly main factor in cold season. In summer, PHS is induced mainly by the broiler disease. In the present,there are two widely accepted hypotheses, one hypothesis maintains that PHS stems from high ammonia in intestines, another supposition advocates that pulmonary hypertension result in the broilers PHS. Two hypotheses explain the pathogenesis of PHS to some extend. Because heart volume and resistance in lung artery determine the pulmonary pressure. Many researchers have investigated the variation in blood index and biochemistry, vasodilatation factors,vasoconstriction factors, lung artery pressure, morphometry of lung artery to verify the hypothesis. According to the recently research, the broilers pulmonary hypertension syndrome resulting from the dysfunction of heart and lung may be the main inherent mechanism. Considering the above causes and mechanism, the PHS can be controlled by improving the function of heart and lung, decreasing the resistance of lung artery, eliminating the free radical and ameliorating the blood capillary.