Effect of temperature on seed and fruit development in three mango (Mangifera indica L.) cultivars |
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| Institution: | 1. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Aquicultura, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Av. Itália, km 8, Bairro Carreiros, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil;2. Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Halófitas, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Av. Itália, km 8, Bairro Carreiros, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil;1. Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, China;2. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, China;3. College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China;4. Guangxi Subtropical Crop Research Institute, Nanning 530001, Guangxi, China |
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| Abstract: | The effect of diurnal maximum/minimum (20/10 or 25/15 °C) temperatures on seed and fruit development of ‘Irwin’, ‘Kensington’ and ‘Nam Dok Mai’ mangoes (Mangifera indica L.) was studied in a controlled-environment glasshouse. Exposure to low temperatures (20/10 °C day/night) 3 days after hand pollination significantly increased the percentage of stenospermocarpic fruit (nubbins), in which embryos were aborted at some stage during early fruit development. There were significant differences between cultivars in the percentage of nubbins produced out of the total fruit set following overnight exposure to 10 °C with 21% for ‘Nam Dok Mai’, 11% for ‘Kensington’ and 3% for ‘Irwin’. At 45 days after pollination, nubbin fruits were much smaller in size and weighed ca. 50% less than normal fruits. The lower percentage of nubbin fruits in ‘Irwin’ implies a greater adaptation to cool temperatures by this cultivar during fruit set and early embryo development. |
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