“茶器名物记”文献与日本茶道的成立——以镰仓到江户时代为中心

日本茶道史上的茶道具专著,亦被称之为茶器名物记,对日本茶道的成立具有独特价值。以21部古典茶书文献为主线和中心,可分为茶道具从附属于唐物御物的室内书院装饰物记录的时代、走向作为茶器名物记专集的时代和多样化及个性化展开的时代三个阶段,分别对应镰仓到室町时代中前期、室町后期和江户时代。其中,在江户时代,茶器名物记走向多样化、个性化的同时,又继承和延续了以唐物为中心的大名物与以和物为中心的中兴名物传统。这三个阶段的发展,为日本茶道的成立提供了基础和条件,揭示了其发展的轨迹和脉络。

The Classical Literature of Chaki meibutsu-ki and Founding of Japanese Tea Ceremony:Focusing on the Kamakura-Edo Period

The monograph on tea wares in the history of Japanese tea ceremony,known asChaki meibutsu-ki,has unique value for the establishment of Japanese tea ceremony.Taking 21 classical tea books as the textual clues,this paper divides the documents of tea wares into three stages including the period when the tea wares were deemed askaramonoandgyomotsuof drawing room in Kamakura and mid-early muromachi,the period when they were developed into Chaki meibutsu-ki’s special collection era in late Muromachi,and the Edo period,the third stage characteristic of variety and personalization.Furthermore,Chaki meibutsu-kialso inherited and continued theO-meibustucentered onkaramonoand theChuko meibutsucentered onWamono.The development of three stages provided the foundation and conditions for the establishment of Japanese tea ceremony,and revealed its path.