西南少数民族的禾剪

关于西南民族地区特色农具“禾剪”,学界对其源流、分布、形制、材料及工艺已有较多论述。本文则梳理了当地禾剪的各种具体用途,强调了禾剪与传统糯稻栽培之间的紧密联系,再将其置于整个民族稻作文化体系中去研究,并进一步揭示稻作文化中的族际差异,包括汉族粘稻(非糯稻)文化与西南少数民族糯稻文化之间成系统的分化。总的来说,禾剪是高度适应于西南地区自然环境特点、作物性状特点和民族文化特点的收割工具,当中蕴含着丰富的生态信息、历史信息和文化信息。

On Pocket Paddy Knife of Ethnic Minorities in Southwest China

There are many discussions on the origin,distribution,shape,material and technology of the characteristic"pocket paddy knife"(a kind of cutter for rice ears)in Southwest China.This paper combs the various specific uses of pocket paddy knife,emphasizes the close relationship between the traditional glutinous rice cultivation and the pocket paddy knife,and then puts it into the whole national rice culture system to further reveal the ethnic differences in rice culture,especially the systematic differentiation between the sticky rice culture of Han nationality and the glutinous rice culture of southwest minorities.Generally speaking,the pocket paddy knife is a kind of harvesting tool highly adapted to the characteristics of natural environment,crop characteristics and ethnic culture in Southwest China,which contains rich ecological information,historical information and cultural information.