不孕症黄牛阴道微生态变化及其在治疗上的应用

以淮北地区黄牛为对象，定量检测了正常繁育母牛和不孕症母牛各１０头的阴道分泌物菌群。正常繁育母牛和不孕症母牛阴道菌群的主要菌类相同。前者需氧菌分离率４０％，平均密度＜１０６／ｇ；厌氧菌分离率８０％，平均密度＞１０８／ｇ；优势菌为乳杆菌。后者需氧菌分离率８０％，平均密度＞１０７／ｇ；厌氧菌分离率５０％，平均密度＜１０６／ｇ；优势菌为表皮葡萄球菌。药物敏感性试验表明，不孕牛阴道优势菌表皮葡萄球菌对氯霉素高度敏感，对新霉素、庆大霉素、链霉素中度敏感，对青霉素等不敏感。根据上述结果，分别应用氯霉素和中药方剂对患有子宫内膜炎的不孕母牛进行了治疗试验，以子宫内膜炎症状消失并受胎为指标，氯霉素治疗的总有效（受胎）率为８８．８％（１９１／２１５），平均用药１．３次；中药方剂的总有效（受胎）率为８５．５％（６５／７６），平均用药次数１．４次。

Microecologic Parameters in Vagina of Sterile Yellow Cows and Their Therapeutic Application

The microbial flora in excretion of vagina mucosa of ten normally reproductive cows and ten sterile cows in Huaibei area was quantitated. Sensitivity of bacteria in vagina of sterile cows to nine antibiotics was determined on paper sheets. Based on dominant bacteria (DB) in endometritis of yellow cows and their sensitivities to antibiotics, four therapeutic formulaes(TF) were designed and applied to 656 cows of endometritis. The results showed: separation efficiency (SE) of aerobic organism in vagina microbial flora of normally reproductive cows was 40%, average density(AD)<10 6/g, SE of anaerobic bacteria was 80%, AD>10 8/g; SE of aerobic organism in vagina microbial flora of sterile cows was 80%,AD>10 7/g, SE of anaerobic bacteria was 50%, AD<10 6/g. DB in vagina of normally reproductive cows was Lactobacillus; DB of sterile cows was Staphylococus epidermidis. DB in vagina of sterile cows was straightly sense to chloromycetin, moderately to neomycin, gentamycin, streptomycin; but not to penicillin. Among four TFs, TF1 was the best, the total effective efficiency (TEE) was 88.8%.