甘蓝型油菜5个重要性状QTL分析*

利用种皮色泽差异显著的甘蓝型油菜(Brassica napus)黄籽GH06和黑籽P174为亲本以及由它们构建的132个F2：3家系群体，对饼粕蛋白质含量、皮壳率、皮壳含油量、千粒重及种子含油量5个性状进行考察及QTL分析，5个性状均表现为连续分布，有的甚至表现出单向或双向超亲优势，表明5个性状均为多基因控制的数量性状。5个性状共检测到13个QTL，其中千粒重1个QTL，对表型变异贡献率为18.7%；饼粕蛋白质含量5个QTL，解释表型变异在7.8% ~14.4%之间；皮壳率3个QTL，解释表型变异在26.5%~32.8% 之间；皮壳含油量3个QTL及种子含油量1个QTL，解释表型变异在8.3% ~12.1%之间。在第20连锁群上，发现有饼粕蛋白质含量QTL与皮壳含油量和千粒重QTL重叠的区段。

QTL Analysis of 5 Important Traits in Brassica napus

Protein content in meal, hull content, oil content in hull, 1000-seed weight and seed oil content were analyzed using 132 F2:3 families which derived from across between yellow-seeded parent GH06 and black-seeded parent P174 of Brassica napus. The results showed that these five traits were typical quantitative trait with the phenotype continual distribution. Using the method of composite interval mapping(CIM), a total of 13 QTL(quantitative trait locus) affecting these five traits were detected in linkage group 7, 8, 13, 14, 19, 20 and 21. As for seed oil content and 1000-seed weight, only one QTL was obtained with 14.1% and 18.7% contribution for the phenotype variation respectively. Five QTL, 3 QTL and 3 QTL were detected for the protein content in meal, hull rate and oil content in hull and the contribution for each trait ranged from 7.8%~14.4%, 26.5%~32.8% and 8.3%~12.1% respectively. Furthermore, overlapping region was observed in linkage 20 among the QTL of protein content in meal, oil content in hull and 1000-seed weight.