施肥和密度对杂交谷可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白及硝酸还原酶的影响

【目的】研究不同施肥条件和密度对张杂谷5号可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白及硝酸还原酶的影响,以期为杂交谷高产优质栽培提供理论依据。【方法】于2011年采用五因素二次通用旋转组合设计,研究氮、磷、钾肥、行距和株距对张杂谷5号可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白及硝酸还原酶的影响,每个因素5个水平,共32个试验处理组合。2012年选用2011年最优组合及零水平组合进行验证试验。采用SAS9.0软件对各生理指标间的相关性进行分析,通过Lingo软件采用迭代逐次逼近的方法研究因子间的交互作用并求极值。【结果】施氮量、施磷量、行距对叶片可溶性蛋白含量和硝酸还原酶活性有显著影响(P0.05),施氮量、施磷量、施钾量、行距对叶片可溶性糖含量有显著影响(P0.05)。随着施氮量和施磷量的增加以及行距的缩小,可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖和硝酸还原酶活性均呈先上升后下降的趋势。5个因子中,施钾量与株距的交互作用对叶片可溶性蛋白和硝酸还原酶活性有显著影响。【结论】综合考察三个生理指标,杂交谷可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖含量和硝酸还原酶活性均较高的施肥量和栽培方案为施氮N 187198 kg/hm2,P2O590 97 kg/hm2,K2O 55 59 kg/hm2,行距23 24 cm,株距9 10 cm。在实际生产中,建议采用窄行中密度结合增施氮、磷肥的栽培方式,以提高谷子叶片可溶性蛋白含量、可溶性糖含量和硝酸还原酶活性,从而提高产量并改善品质。

Effects of fertilization and density on soluble sugar and protein and nitrate reductase of hybrid foxtail millet

【Objectives】 This paper investigated the effects of fertilization and density on nitrate reductase, and soluble protein, soluble sugar of Zhangzagu 5 to provide a theoretical basis for the high-yield and high-quality cultivation of foxtail millet.【Methods】 An experiment based on the quadratic general rotary unitized design was carried out to study effects of nitrogen, phosphate and potassium, plant spacing and row spacing on nitrate reductase, and soluble protein and sugar of foxtail millet. The experiment was done in 2011 and 2012. The quadratic general rotary unitized design included 5 factors, 5 levels of each factor, a total of 32 experimental treatment combinations in 2011. In 2012 the verification test was performed of optimal combination and zero level combination selected in 2011. SAS9.0 was used to analysis the correlation between various physiological indices. Interactions between factors and extreme values were studied through an iterative successive approximation method by Lingo software.【Results】 The results show that the levels of nitrogen and phosphate and row spacing have significant effects on soluble protein, soluble sugar and activity of nitrate reductase, and the level of potassium has also significant effect on soluble sugar. Soluble protein and sugar and activity of nitrate reductase have a similar trend from rising to declining with nitrogen and phosphate increasing and row spacing narrowing. The interaction between the potassium level and plant spacing has significant effect on soluble protein and activity of nitrate reductase of leaves. The interaction effects of the 5 factors on soluble sugar are not obvious.【Conclusions】 Comprehensive survey of three physiological indicators, the fertilization and cultivation pattern improve the levels of nitrate reductase, and soluble protein, soluble sugar, 187-198 kg/hm2 for nitrogen level, 90-97 kg/hm2 for P2O5, 55-59 kg/hm2 for K2O, 23-24 cm for row spacing, 9-10 cm for plant spacing. In order to enhance millet soluble protein content, soluble sugar content and nitrate reductase activity, the cultivation style of narrow row spacing and middle density combination and increase of nitrogen and phosphate fertilization should be adopted in the actual production. So the production and quality are increased.