Effects of day length on flowering and yield production of Salicornia and Sarcocornia species |
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Authors: | Yvonne Ventura Wegi A. Wuddineh Muki Shpigel Tzachi M. Samocha Brandon C. Klim Shabtai Cohen Zion Shemer Rui Santos Moshe Sagi |
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Affiliation: | 1. The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, The Albert Katz Department of Dryland Biotechnologies, Ben-Gurion University, PO Box 653, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel;2. National Center for Mariculture, Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, PO Box 1212, Eilat 88112, Israel;3. Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, Shrimp Mariculture Research Facility, 4301 Waldron Road, Corpus Christi, TX 78418, USA;4. Ramat Negev Desert Agro-Research Station, Halutza 85515, Israel;5. Centre for Marine Sciences (CCMAR), CIMAR-Laboratório Associado, FCMA, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal |
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Abstract: | Salicornia is a new vegetable crop that can be irrigated with highly saline water, even at salt concentrations equivalent to full-strength seawater. During leafy vegetable cultivation, the onset of the reproductive phase is an undesired phenomenon that reduces yield and quality and prevents year-round cultivation. Knowledge about the regulation of floral induction in the members of the tribe Salicornieae, however, is lacking. To establish year-round cultivation, we studied the flower induction of five Salicornia and two Sarcocornia varieties. Plants were grown under two day lengths, 13.5 h and 18 h, and harvested by a repetitive harvest regime. A 13.5-h day length prevented flower induction in the Israeli Salicornia varieties, but a longer day length was required to prevent flower induction in two species originating from more northern latitudes. The onset of the reproductive phase under suboptimal short day length conditions severely reduced vegetative growth and yields in Salicornia. In Sarcocornia, the repetitive harvest regime prevented flowering, making it a promising candidate for year-round cultivation. Irrigating the plants with full-strength seawater (electrical conductivity 48 dS m−1) vs. water with moderate salinity (electrical conductivity 10 dS m−1) did not change the general flowering pattern of the studied Salicornieae members. |
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Keywords: | Biomass yield Vegetable crops Repetitive harvest regime Seawater irrigation Halophytes |
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