高桥地区圆葱“3414”肥效试验研究

[目的]为今后指导圆葱合理施肥提供理论依据。[方法]试验采用二次回归"3414"完全方案设计,对高桥地区圆葱植株的氮、磷、钾含量及产量进行了分析。[结果]通过田间试验建立了圆葱的肥料效应函数模型,得出了最佳经济产量、最佳施肥量及其比例。其中,氮、磷、钾最佳经济产量为71 520 kg/hm2,最佳施肥量为N169.50 kg/hm2,P2O5 106.50 kg/hm2,K2O57.00 kg/hm2,NP∶2O5∶K2O比例为1∶0.630∶.34较为合理的。氮、磷、钾三要素中,氮肥对圆葱产量作用最大,依次是磷肥、钾肥。另外确定了一些重要的施肥参数。100 kg鳞茎养分需求量为N 0.19 kg,P2O5 0.05 kg,K2O 0.16 kg;土壤供养分量为N 104.55 kg/hm2,P2O5 30.15 kg/hm2,K2O 91.65 kg/hm2;土壤养分校正系数为N0.42,P2O5 0.07,K2O0.32;肥料利用率为N17.43%,P2O5 6.87%,K2O31.55%。[结论]得出的圆葱施肥模型和施肥参数对指导圆葱施肥具有重要的作用。

Study on Effects of Fertilizer on Onion Output by"3414"Design in Gaoqiao Area

[Objective] The study aimed to provide references for fertilizing rationally in onion.[Method] By using "3414" fertilizer experiment method,the contents of N,P,K and yield of onion in Gaoqiao area were comprehensively analyzed.[Result] With the field test data,the fertilizer effect function of onion was established and the best economic output,the best economic fertilization dosage,the appropriate ratio among the 3 essential fertilizer on the onion with middle-level soil fertility and fertilization parameter were gained.The best economic output was 71 520 kg/hm2,and the best economic fertilization dosage was N 169.50 kg/hm2,P2O5 106.50 kg/hm2,K2O 57.00 kg/hm2.So it was reasonable that N∶P2O5∶K2O was 1∶0.63∶0.34.Meanwhile,the experiment also indicated that N fertilizer was the most remarkable,and the P fertilize was the least of the three.The nutrient amount required in forming100 kg bulb was N 0.19 kg,P2O5 0.05 kg,K2O 0.16 kg.The nutrient supplying capacity of soil was 104.55 kg/hm2,P2O5 30.15 kg/hm2,K2O 91.65 kg/hm2.The revised coefficient of soil nutrient was N 0.42,P2O5 0.07,K2O 0.32.The recovery of fertilizer was N 17.43%,P2O5 6.87%,K2O 31.55%.[Conclusion] The findings were useful for directing fertilization.