基于生态足迹的海南省自然生态承载力研究

以海南省为例，基于生态足迹模型，计算海南省2012年生态足迹与生态承载力，分析其生态足迹和生态承载力的关系，力求为处理海南省的经济发展与生态环境保护的关系提供科学依据。分析表明:海南省2012年人均生态足迹为1.574 7 hm²/人，人均生态承载力为1.153 6 hm²，生态足迹是其生态承载力的1.37倍左右。对区域生态供需平衡关系进行分析，生态承载力供需平衡指数处于1.1～1.5区间，存在赤字问题，生态承载状况超载，并提出了海南省可持续发展过程中应采取的对策措施。

Study of the Ecological Carrying Capacity of the Hainan Province Based on Ecological Footprint Model

In this study, we investigated the relationship between ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity of Hainan province by using a ecological footprint model, calculating the ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity of Hainan Province in the year 2012, which can provide meaningful reference for coordinating the interaction between economic development and eco-environment protection of Hainan province. Results indicated that the ecological footprint of the Hainan Province was 1.574 7 hm² per capita, the ecological capacity was 1.153 6 hm² per capita, ecological footprint was about 1.37 times of the ecological carrying capacity. Through analysis of supply and demand balance in the region, the index of supply and demand balance in terms of ecological carrying capacity is found to be within the range of 1.1～1.5, which means there is a deficit and the ecological carrying status is overloaded. Above all, we discussed the weaknesses and proposed the policies and measures in the process of sustainable development of Hainan province in the last section of this paper.