不同蛋白源饲料对秦川肉牛生产性能的影响

试验旨在研究不同蛋白源饲料对秦川肉牛生长性能、血液生化指标及饲料报酬的影响。选择20头体重相近、健康状况良好的12月龄左右秦川肉牛(母牛)为试验动物,随机将试验牛分为5组,每组4头。对照组、试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组、试验Ⅲ组和试验Ⅳ组日粮中分别添加以31%豆粕、36%菜籽粕、14%紫苏饼+24%菜籽粕、28%紫苏饼+12%菜籽粕和42%紫苏饼为蛋白原料配制的5种精饲料,试验持续120 d,其中预饲期15 d,正试期105 d。结果表明:(1)各处理组的DMI均呈逐渐上升的趋势,其中试验Ⅳ组最高,显著高于对照组和试验Ⅰ组(P<0.05)。(2)试验Ⅳ组的全期增重显著高于其他各组(P<0.05),平均日增重最大的是试验Ⅳ组1.21 kg,显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。(3)体高增长量最大的是试验Ⅳ组10.05 cm,显著高于对照组和试验Ⅰ组(P<0.05)。(4)试验Ⅳ组的总胆固醇浓度显著高于对照组、试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅲ组(P<0.05);试验Ⅳ组的高密度脂蛋白、总蛋白均显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。(5)试验Ⅳ组的平均每千克增重饲料成本显著低于其他各组(P<0.05),对照组显著高于其他各组(P<0.05);对照组、试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组的料重比差异不显著(P>0.05),这三组显著高于试验Ⅲ组和试验Ⅳ组(P<0.05)。研究结果表明,在肉牛精料中用42%紫苏饼代替豆粕、菜籽粕可以提高肉牛饲养效率、降低饲养成本。

Effect of Different Protein Source Feeds on Production Performance of Qinchuan Beef Cattle

The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of different protein source feeds on growth performance,blood biochemical indicators and feed compensation of Qinchuan beef cattle.Twenty Qinchuan beef cattle(cows)about 12 months old with similar weight and good health were selected as experimental animals,and the test cattle were randomly divided into 5 groups,4 in each group.The diets of control group,test group I,test group II,test group III and test group IV were supplemented with five kinds of refined feed formulated with protein raw materials:31%soybean meal,36%rapeseed meal,14%perilla cake+24%rapeseed meal,28%perilla Cakes+12%rapeseed meal and 42%perilla cakes.The experiment lasted 120 days,of which the pre-feeding period was 15 days and the trial period was 105 days.The results showed that:(1)the average daily dry matter intake(DMI)of the control group and each experimental group showed a gradual increase trend.Among them,the DMI of the experimental group IV was the highest,which was significantly higher than that of the control group and the experimental groupⅠ(P<0.05).(2)The weight gain of the whole period was in the order of test group IV,test groupⅢ,test groupⅠ,test groupⅡand control group.The test group IV was significantly different from other groups(P<0.05).The largest average daily weight gain was 1.21 kg in the test IV group,which was significantly higher than the other groups(P<0.05).(3)The largest increase in body height was 10.05 cm in test group IV,which was significantly higher than those in control group and test groupⅠ(P<0.05).(4)The total cholesterol concentration in test group IV was significantly higher than that in control group,test groupⅠand test groupⅢ(P<0.05);The high-density lipoprotein and total protein of group IV were significantly higher than those of other groups(P<0.05).(5)The average weight gain per kilogram of the test IV group was significantly lower than that of the other groups(P<0.05),the control group was significantly higher than the other groups(P<0.05),and the smallest was the experimental group IV,which was significantly lower than the other groups(P<0.05);The difference in feed-to-weight ratio of the control group,test groupⅠandⅡwas insignificant(P<0.05),but these three groups were significantly higher than that of test groupⅢand test group IV(P<0.05).The study reveals that adding 42%perilla cake in concentrate to replace soybean meal and rapeseed meal can improue beef cattle breeding efficiency and lower the breeding cost.