微波-碱水浸提银杏叶黄酮的研究

目的]为银杏叶黄酮的提取提供科学依据。方法]利用微波效应,用氢氧化钙溶液提取银杏叶黄酮,并确定其最佳工艺条件。结果]在0.5~2.0 min内,黄酮提取率随微波时间的增加而增加。银杏叶含水量在10~20 ml内,黄酮提取率随含水量的增加而增加。黄酮提取率随液料比的增加而增加,液料比在16∶1~25∶1时,提取率基本恒定。在90~95℃内,黄酮提取率随温度的升高而显著增加。在30~50 min内,黄酮提取率随浸提时间的延长而增加。各因素对黄酮提取率的影响依次为：提取温度〉微波时间〉含水量〉pH值〉提取时间〉液料比。结论]微波-碱水浸提银杏叶黄酮的最佳工艺条件为：银杏叶5 g、微波功率100%、微波时间2.5 min、含水量25ml、液料比12∶1、浸提温度95℃、浸提2次、每次60 min、pH值为9,黄酮的提取率达93.6%。

Research on Extracting Flavone from Ginkgo biloba Leaves by Microwave-Alkali Water Extraction

Objective] The purpose of the research was to provide scientific basis for the extraction of flavone from Ginkgo biloba leaves.Method] Under the help of microwave effect,the flavone was extracted with calcium hydrate solution from G.biloba leaves and the optimum technological condition was confirmed. Result] In the microwave time from 0.5 min to 2.0 min,the extraction rate of flavone increased as the microwave time increased.When the water content in G.biloba leaves was between 10 and 20 ml,the extractio...