人工模拟降雨装置的设计及其参数率定

[目的]针对水环境领域中地表径流的水质研究所需的降雨特点,设计了一种人工模拟降雨装置。[方法]该模拟降雨装置采用3个规格不同的喷嘴式喷头,利用不同喷头的启闭与组合实现不同雨强的模拟。[结果]经率定,此装置降雨强度可达0.3~2.0mm/min,在此范围内降雨均匀系数均在85%以上,雨滴中数直径的范围为1.09~2.25mm,最大雨滴直径不超过6mm,雨滴终点速度可达到2~2.9mm/s。[结论]该装置模拟降雨与天然降雨的相似程度较高,可用于模拟真实的降雨情况。

Design and Calibration of An Artificial Rainfall Simulator

[Objective] Designing an artificial rainfall simulator according to the rainfall characteristics required in surface-runoff water quality research in water environment field.[Methods] An artificial rainfall simulator was introduced, which has three specifications of nozzles in order to simulate different rainfall intensity by their open and close.[Results] By means of calibration, the rainfall intensity of this artificial rainfall simulator was 0.3~2.0 mm/min; and in that range of intensity, rainfall uniformity coefficients were all over 85%. The median diameter of raindrop was 1.09~2.25 mm; the maximum diameter was smaller than 6 mm; the raindrop terminal velocity was 2~2.9 mm/s.[Conclusion] The rainfall characteristics was similar to the natural rainfall. This device can be used to simulate the real rainfall.