鸡粪与化肥不同配施方式对土壤有机碳及杨树幼苗生长的影响

通过盆栽试验,研究了N100(尿素提供100%的氮),M10N90(鸡粪和尿素分别提供10%和90%的氮),M30N70(鸡粪和尿素分别提供30%和70%的氮)和M50N50(鸡粪和尿素各提供50%的氮)等不同施肥处理下,土壤有机碳含量、活性有机碳含量和碳库管理指数(CPMI)的变化规律。结果表明,M30N70和M50N50处理的有机碳含量分别比N100处理提高了8.11%和14.64%;M30N70处理的活性有机碳含量和CPMI均为最高,其中活性有机碳含量分别比N100,M10N90和M50N50处理提高了47.36%,14.93%和7.14%,CPMI分别提高了65.49,26.74和20.22,其差异均达到显著水平;同时,M30N70处理对杨树幼苗地径和苗高生长的提高幅度最大。土壤活性有机碳与总有机碳、杨树苗的地径和苗高呈显著相关,与CPMI呈极显著相关;CPMI与地径、苗高呈显著相关,能够指示土壤生产力的变化。由此可见,鸡粪与化肥的不同配比对土壤有机碳、活性有机碳、CPMI及杨树幼苗的生长均有显著影响,其中鸡粪与化肥以3∶7比例配施的作用效果最佳。

Effect of Different Proportinons of Chicken Manure Co-applied with Inorganic Fertilizer on Poplar Seedings Groth and Soil Organic Carbon

A pot experiment was conducted to study the influence of different fertilization treatments on soil organic carbon(SOC), active organic carbon(AOC) and carbon pool management index(CPMI). The experiment included five treatments: CK(neither urea nor chicken manure was applied), N₁₀₀(100% of nitrogen was provided by urea), M₁₀N₉₀(10% and 90% of nitrogen was provided by chicken manure and urea, respectively), M₃₀N₇₀(30% and 70% of nitrogen was provided by chicken manure and urea, respectively), and M₅₀N₅₀(50% and 50% of nitrogen was provided by chicken manure and urea, respectively). The results showed that the SOC contents under M₃₀N₇₀ and M₅₀N₅₀ treatments increased by 8.11% and 14.64% in comparison with the N₁₀₀ treatment, respectively. The AOC content and CPMI achieved the highest value under M₃₀N₇₀ treatment and had significant differences with other treatments, showing 47.36%, 14.93% and 7.14% increases in AOC content and 65.49, 26.74 and 20.22 increases in CPMI, respectively, compared to the treatments of N₁₀₀, M₁₀N₉₀ and M₅₀N₅₀. At the same time, M₃₀N₇₀ treatment had the maximum increase in the growth of poplar seedlings. The content of soil AOC was significantly positively correlated with the content of SOC, ground diameter and height of poplar seedlings, while was extremely significantly positively correlated with CPMI. Furthermore, the CPMI had significantly positive correlation with ground diameter and height of poplar seedlings, which would be a good index to assess influence of fertilization practice on soil quality. In conclusion, the different proportions of chicken manure co-applied with inorganic fertilizer had a significant influence on organic carbon, active organic carbon, CPMI and the growth of poplar seedlings, especially M₃₀N₇₀ treatment, which achieved the best effects among all the treatments and was the best proportion of chicken manure and inorganic fertilizer.