不同植被措施下红壤坡面径流变化特征

目的]研究不同植被措施对坡面径流的影响,为南方红壤水土保持与生态恢复实践提供科学依据。方法]以福建省长汀县2001—2010年香根草、胡枝子、类芦、百喜草等植被措施下的径流小区逐月径流量和降雨数据为基础进行分析研究。结果]植被能很好地调控坡面地表径流,但由于植被的结构、根系以及地表枯落物的差异,各种植被的保水效益存在差异,观测期,各小区年均径流量的大小趋势表现为:空白对照区百喜草类芦香根草胡枝子,胡枝子的保水效益最佳。结论]香根草、胡枝子、类芦、百喜草等植被均能有效地抑制坡面径流,减少水土流失,均可以作为水土保持措施的优良灌草在南方红壤区进行推广应用,尤其是要加大胡枝子的推广力度。

Runoff Changes on Slope with Different Vegetation Measures in Red Soil Region

Objective] Effects of different vegetation measures on red soil slope runoff were researched to provide a scientific basis for soil and water conservation and ecological restoration in the southern red soil region of China.Methods] Monthly runoff and rainfall data from plots planted with Vetiver, Lespedeza, Neyraudia, Bahiasgrass during 2001 to 2010 were collected to analyze the above mentioned effects using statistical method. The plots were located at Changting County in Fujian Province.Results] Vegetation measures could control slope runoff well, but due to the differences among vegetation structure, root and litter amount of the above measures, soil and water conservation benefits from the above measures were different. In the period of observation, the rank of annual runoff was:control plot with no vegetation measure >Bahiagrass >Neyraudia >Vetiver >Lespedeza. Water conservation benefit from Lespedeza measure performed best.Conclusion] Vetiver, Lespedeza, Neyraudia, Bahiasgrass et al. vegetation could control slope runoff effectively and reduce soil erosion. Therefore, they can all be used as the excellent shrub/grass for soil and water conservation; and can be applied in the red soil region of Southern China, especially Lespedeza measure is recommended.