甘肃省夏河地区影响冬虫夏草种群分布的土壤理化因子调查

目的]对甘肃省夏河地区冬虫夏草分布的土壤理化因子进行分析,为保护冬虫夏草生境,实现其野生资源可持续利用及半人工培养提供科学依据。方法]采用样方法研究土壤理化因子对冬虫夏草分布的影响。结果]在不同深度层次的土壤中,pH值、全氮、全磷、速效磷和速效钾的差异不显著,土壤含水量、有机质、土壤水解氮、和全钾的差异极显著;5—10cm土壤中,土壤含水量、pH值、全磷极显著影响冬虫夏草分布,虫草数量最多,虫体形态表征也最好;第1主成分中全磷是影响冬虫夏草种群分布的土壤理化性质的重要因子,在第2主成分中,pH值是影响冬虫夏草种群分布的土壤理化性质的重要因子,第3主成分中,土壤含水量是影响冬虫夏草种群分布的土壤理化性质的重要因子。结论]冬虫夏草对土壤层、土壤含水量、土壤酸碱性和全磷等土壤因子条件有着严格的要求,影响冬虫夏草分布的土壤理化因子次序为:APpH值WC(土壤含水量)TKTNOM(有机质)HN(水解氮)TPAK。

Investigation of Physicochemical Properties in Connection with Distribution of Cordyceps Sinensis in Xiahe County of Gansu Province

Objective] Soil physical and chemical properties that might affect the distribution of Cordyceps sinensis in Xiahe area of Gansu Province were investigated. To provide supports for habitat preservation and sustainable exploitation of Cordyceps sinensis.Methods] Quadrate method was used to study the effects of soil physical and chemical properties on the distribution of Cordyceps sinensis population.Results] The results showed pH value, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus and available potassium in all investigated soil depths had no significant effects on the distribution of Cordyceps sinensis population, whereas the effects of water content, organic matter, soil hydrolyzable nitrogen and total potassium were significant different. In the depth of 5-10 cm, water content, pH and total phosphorus had significant effects on the presence number of Cordyceps Sinensis. In this layer, its number was relatively great and the shape looked well. Principal component analysis showed that, total phosphorus was an important factor that affect the population distribution of Cordyceps sinensis presented in the first principal component; pH value was another important factor in the second principal component; and water content was also an important factor in the third principal.Conclusion] Cordyceps sinensis had strict habitat requirements, especially water content, soil pH and total phosphorus can limit its distribution, effect of soil physic and chemical factors on distribution of Cordyceps sinensis in order:AP >pH >WC(water content) >TK >TN >OM(organic matter) >HN(hydrolyzable niteogen) >TP >AK.