基于财务指标的森林资源型企业可持续发展研究

随着木材供需矛盾的加深，我国森林资源的稀缺性日益凸显，研究如何促进森林资源型企业可持续发展意义重大。3家林业上市公司是此类企业的典型代表。文章从吉林森工的财务指标入手，发现问题并通过与另外2家林业上市公司对比分析问题的深层原因，从而提出促进森林资源型企业可持续发展的对策和结论。发现公司速动比率和盈利能力指标下降，资产负债率偏低以及销售费用管理费用增加；深层原因在于竞争激烈导致产品市场竞争力不足，天然林保护工程实施导致木材销售收入下降，国有股独大导致所有者缺位，公司治理结构存在问题。提出如下措施和结论：森林资源储备量是影响企业未来发展的重要因素；企业应该通过多种创新提升产品市场竞争力；以市场和政策作为风向标及时调整产品结构；通过股权和激励机制改革完善公司治理结构。表6参7

Research on sustainable development of financial index-based forest reserves enterprise

With the deepening contradiction between woods supply and demand, the forest reserves become scarcer. It＇s very significant to study how to cultivate sustainable development of homeland forest reserves enterprise. Three listed forest companies were their typical representatives. The paper analyzed the financial indexes of Jilin Forest Industry Co. Ltd, and compared the results with the other two listed forest companies, hence finding the solutions and conclusions on the sustainable development of the forest reserve enterprises. The problems were as follows： current ratio and profitability index were coming down; asset-debt ratio was too low; and the selling cost and management cost were increasing. The deep reasons were as follows： fierce competition led to competition deficiency in product marketplace; the project to protect the natural forests led to the decreasing income of selling wood; the state-held share led to owners＇ vacant place; there were problems in the company governance. The proposals and conclusion were as follows, the stock amounts of forest reserves was the key factor affecting the future development of the enterprise; the enterprise should improve the marketplace competition by various innovations, readjust the product structure in time based on the marketplace and policy, and optimize company governance structure by reforming stock right and incentive mechanism. [ Ch, 6 tab. 7 ref. ]