4种纤维头对草莓香气成分的萃取效果

【目的】研究不同固相微萃取纤维头对草莓香气成分的萃取效果和质谱数据的自动鉴定方法,为草莓品质育种及其深加工提供一种简单、准确的研究方法。【方法】采用固相微萃取-气相色谱/质谱-自动质谱解卷积鉴定系统检测成熟草莓果实中的香气成分。【结果】在成熟草莓果实中共检测到97种香气成分,主要成分为酯类、醇类、酮类和萜烯类化合物,分别占已检出香气成分总数的42.3%、13.4%、10.3%和6.2%。草莓的特征香气成分至少有8种,根据贡献大小,依次为丁酸乙酯、己酸乙酯、沉香醇、呋喃酮、丁酸甲酯、己酸甲酯、2-庚酮和橙花叔醇。50/30μm DVB/CAR/PDMS纤维头的灵敏度最高、检出的物质最多,其余依次是100μm PDMS纤维头、85μm PA和7μm PDMS。4种固相微萃取纤维头对酯类物质均有较好的萃取效果,50/30μm DVB/CAR/PDMS纤维头对酮类、萜烯类、醇类和醛类物质的萃取效果明显高于其它纤维头。【结论】50/30μm DVB/CAR/PDMS纤维头较适用于草莓香气成分的萃取。自动质谱解卷积鉴定系统处理鉴定质谱数据具有灵敏度高、准确性好、速度快的特点,值得推广应用。

Study of Four Coating Materials of SPME Fiber on Extraction of Aroma Compounds in Strawberry

【Objective】 In this paper the extraction of strawberry aroma compounds with four coating materials of solid-phase micro-extraction (SPME) fiber and the automatic identification method for gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) data were researched. The aim of this experiment was to summarize a simple, accurate method for quality breeding and processing of strawberry. 【Method】 The aroma compounds in strawberry were detected by SPME-GC/MS- the automatic mass spectral deconvolution and identification system (AMDIS). 【Result】 A total of 97 compounds were identified from the sample extracts. The major constituents were esters, alcohols, ketones and terpenes, with the proportions of 42.3%, 13.4%, 10.3% and 6.2%, respectively. There are at least eight kinds of characteristic aroma components in strawberry. The most important aroma compounds were ethyl butanoate, ethyl hexanoate, linalool, furaneol, methyl butanoate, methyl hexanoate, 2-heptanone and nerolidol according to their aroma values. The 50/30 μm DVB/CAR/ PDMS fiber showed high sensitivity and selectivity for the determination of aroma compounds. The rest sequence was 100 μm PDMS,85 μm PA and 7 μm PDMS fibers in turn. Four SPME fibers had the similar extraction effect to ester. 50/30 μm DVB/CAR/PDMS fiber had significantly higher extraction effect than other fibers to ketones, terpenes, alcohols and aldehydes. 【Conclusion】 50/30 μm DVB /CAR /PDMS fiber is suitable for the extraction of aroma compounds of strawberry. The AMDIS is sensitive, accurate and rapid. It is worth to be popularized and applied.