Bt转基因抗螟虫粳稻新品系选育策略与进展

以克螟稻或其衍生抗虫材料为亲本,与农艺性状优良的粳稻品种杂交,经常规筛选、花药培养、分子辅助选择等手段进行选育,结果表明:采用分子辅助选择手段对育种材料进行检测,并通过加大双亲遗传距离,或采用与最新高产品种杂交,以及增加低世代(F2和F3)群体规模,均有利于打破克螟稻中转基因和其它不良基因可能存在的连锁关系,增加获得高产抗虫株系的机会,同时,发现回交、花培技术可以迅速获得B t转基因纯合的新品系。此外,采用上述方法育成了6个集高产和抗虫于一体的优良粳稻新品系,经品比试验和田间抗虫试验,选育出的转基因新品系较克螟稻极显著增产,其中1个新品系的产量与当前本地主栽品种(秀水63)相仿,田间表现高抗鳞翅目害虫。

Strategy and Progress of Breeding Insect-resistant Bt Transgenic Japonica Rice

Kemingdao or its transgenic derivatives were used as transgenic donor parent,they were crossed with japonica rice with agronomic character combined with traditional screening method,anther culture and marker gene aided selection.The results indicated that the material was determined by marker gene aided selection,enlarged the genetic distance of their parents or crossing with high-yielding new varieties to increase the population size of breeding materials at earlier generations could all lead to more chance of selecting high-yielding transgenic lines,through breaking the possible linkage of inferior agronomy performance.And anther culture and backcrossing could be used for rapid production of homozygous transgenic lines from progenies of transgenic rice crossed to conventional varieties.6 new japonica varieties both with high yield and insect resistant were get with the method above.The new transgenic varieties showed obvious higher yield than Kemingdao,in which one line bred from this experiment showed comparable yield with that of the leading commercial high-yielding variety Xiushui63 in Zhejiang province.