海岛棉不同果枝类型杂交F2代产量品质性状分布规律

【目的】 比较零式果枝和长果枝海岛棉杂交F₂代不同果枝类型棉株的产量及品质性状,并进行相关分析,为海岛棉株型育种提供参考。【方法】 海岛棉9122N(零式果枝)×H7124(长果枝)杂交,F₂代3种不同果枝类型棉株(零式果枝、长果枝、混合型果枝)分别收获300个单株的棉铃,采用R语言对杂交F₂代不同果枝类型产量、品质性状进行比较及各性状间的相关分析。【结果】 杂交F₂代3种不同果枝类型棉株的产量及品质性状存在显著或极显著差异,产量性状:混合型果枝表现最好,长果枝次之,零式果枝最差;品质性状:长果枝表现最佳,混合果枝混合型果枝次之,零式果枝表现最差。3种果枝类型各性状间相关系数不同,但部分性状表现有相同趋势。在产量性状中,3种果枝类型相关性趋势一致,籽棉重与铃数、单铃重间呈极显著正相关,与铃数相关系数均为0.85以上,且高于与铃重的相关系数,铃数与铃重间呈负相关关系,衣分与其他产量性状相关性不显著,单株铃数对籽棉产量高低起着重要作用;品质性状中,零式果枝中纤维品质5个指标之间呈显著或极显著的正相关,而另2种果枝中,除马克隆值以外,长度、整齐度、强度和伸长率间呈显著或极显著的正相关;零式果枝中单铃重与5个品质指标间呈显著或极显著正相关,而长果枝和混合型果枝中衣分与纤维长度、比强度、伸长率等品质指标均呈负相关。【结论】 杂交F₂代不同果枝类型品质性状与产量性状间相互影响,表现并不相同,混合果枝类型产量和品质性状整体表现最好。

Study on the Distribution of Yield and Quality Traits and Their Correlations in F_2 Generation Island Cottons with Different Fruit Branches

【Objective】 To compare and analyze the yield and quality traits of hybrid F2 generation between zero-fruit branches and long-fruit branches island cottons, in order to provide reference for cotton plant breeding.【Method】 Island cotton F₂ generation 9122N (zero-fruit branches)×H7124 (long-fruit branches ) had three types of fruit branches: zero branch, long branch and mixed branch, and 300 individual plants of each type were harvested respectively. Comparison of yield and quality traits of different fruit branch types in F₂ hybrid was made with R language and correlation analysis among them was conducted. 【Result】 There were significant or extremely significant differences in yield and quality traits among the F₂ generation cotton plants. In terms of yield traits, the mixed branches had the best performance, followed by the long branches, and then the zero branches. As for quality traits, long fruit branches was the best, followed by mixed branches, and then zero branches. The correlation analysis between yield traits and quality traits showed that there were different correlations among the three types of fruit branches, but some traits showed the same trend. When it came to the yield traits, there were significant positive correlations between seed cotton yield and boll numbers and between seed cotton yield and single boll weight, and the correlation coefficients between seed cotton yield and boll numbers in three types of fruit branches were above 0.85, and it was higher than the correlation coefficient between seed cotton yield and boll weight. But there was negative correlation between boll numbers and boll weight. The correlations between lint percent and other yield traits were not significant. The results showed that the number of bolls per plant played an important role in seed cotton yield. Among the quality traits, in the zero fruit branches there were significant or extremely significant positive correlation between five fiber quality traits. However, in the other two branch types, there were significant or extremely significant positive correlations among length, uniformity, strength and elongation, except for the micronaire. The correlations between yield traits and quality traits showed that, in zero fruit branches, there were significantly or significantly positive correlations between boll weight and five fiber quality traits, but in long branches and mixed branches, there were significantly negative correlations between lint percent and fiber length, strength and elongation.【Conclusion】 The correlation analysis showed that there were mutual influence between yield and quality traits in different fruit branch types. The study demonstrated that, in the three branch types, the mixed branch was the ideal plant type with the best yield and quality traits for the island cotton breeding in southern Xinjiang.