蝴蝶兰离体保存及其遗传稳定性研究

采用缓慢生长保存法对蝴蝶兰试管苗进行离体保存，并对保存材料再生后代的遗传稳定性进行研究。结果表明：在培养温度（24±3）℃，光照强度前3个月2000～2500lx和3个月后500～1000lx，光照时间12 h·d^－1的培养条件下，蝴蝶兰试管苗在添加蔗糖10g·L^－1的 HyponexNo．13．0g·L^－1＋AC0．5g·L^－1培养基上保存18个月，存活率达96．3％；在添加甘露醇15g·L^－1或多效唑（PP333）6．0mg·L^－1的 HyponexNo．13．0g·L^－1＋ AC0．5g·L^－1＋蔗糖20g·L^－1培养基上保存18个月，存活率达80．0％以上，且保持较高的增殖速率，增殖系数4．1；上述3种方法保存后的试管苗均能正常恢复生长，其植株与对照在形态性状方面无明显区别，RAPD 分子标记也显示与对照无差异带出现，遗传性状稳定。

In Vitro Conservation and Genetic Stability of Phalaenopsis amabilis

In vitro conservation by growth retardation of Phalaenopsis amabilis shoots and genetic stability of theregenerated plantlets were studied.The results showed that,at （2 4±3）℃ with a 1 2 h photoperiod of 2 000-2 500lx in the initial 3 months followed by 500 - 1 000 lx for another 3 months,9 6.3 % of the shoots could besatisfactorily preserved in vitro for 1 8 months on the medium containing Hyponex No.1 3.0 g · L^-1 ＋ AC 0.5g·L^-1 supplemented with 1 0 g·L^-1 sucrose.When the medium,Hyponex No.1 3.0 g·L^-1 ＋AC 0.5 g·L^-1 ＋sucrose 20 g·L^-1 supplemented with 1 5 g·L^-1 mannitol or 6.0 mg L^-1 PP3 3 3 ,was applied,the survival rate was80.0% for 1 8 months,but a high proliferation rate of 4.1 was obtained.After the treatments,all plantletsrecovered normal growth with no significant morphological deviations from the control.The RAPD analysis alsoexhibited no different bands from the control,indicating a genetic stability of P.amabilis toward the treatments.