中国小麦品种高分子量谷蛋白亚基和低分子量谷蛋白亚基组成分析

为给我国优质小麦品种的选育和改良提供科学依据，应用SDS-PAGE方法对我国235份推广品种和高代品系的HMW-GS和LMW-GS组成与分布进行了分析。结果表明，HMW-GS和LMW-GS分别具有39和40种带型组合；5个位点共发现34个等位基因。Glu-A1、Glu-B1和Glu-D1分别有3、8和6个变异位点；亚基1、Null、7＋9、5＋10和2＋12是主要的HMW-GS类型，频率分别为46．2％、46．2％、44．5％、47．0％和48．3％。Glu-A3和Glu-B3位点（本文不涉及Glu-D3）分别具有6和11个变异位点。Glu-A3c、Glu-A3d、Glu-B3e和Glu-B3j是主要的LMW-GS类型，频率分别为55．1％、21．6％、28％和28．8％。本研究还发现，在品种Z75和绵阳96-319的Glu-D1位点上，亚基组合形式为5＋12；在品种周92034的Glu-D1位点,亚基组合形式为2＋10。虽然这两种组合形式在本研究中出现的频率很低，但这两种亚基组合在以前的研究中很少出现。

Genetic Diversity of HMW and LMW Glutenin Subunits in Chinese Hexaploid Wheats

235 cultivars and advanced lines from China were used to investigate the high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) and low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (LMW-GS) composition controlled by the Glu-1 and Glu-3 loci. A total of 39 and 40 patterns were observed for HMW-GS and LMW-GS,respectively. 34 different alleles were identified for the 5 loci studied. 3, 8, and 6 allelic variations were present at Glu-A1, Glu-B1, and Glu-D1, respectively. Subunits 1, Null, 7 + 9, 5+10 and 2 + 12 were the dominant HMW GS, with frequencies of 46.2%, 46.2%, 44.5 %, 47.0 %, and 48.3 %, respectively. 6 and 11 allelic variations were present at the Glu-A3 and Glu-B3 loci (data of Glu-D3 were not available), Glu-A3c, Glu-A3d, Glu-B3e, and Glu-B3j were the dominant LMW GS, with frequencies of 55.1%, 21.6%, 28%, and 28.8%, respectively. This study represented the first attempt to estimate wheat diversity grown in China by the allelic variation of storage proteins. The database was useful for varietal identification and for plant breeders to devise effective programs aimed at improving wheat quality.