设施栽培对油桃营养生长及果实生长发育的影响

设施内油桃的树体生物量(未含果实)较露地增加66.2%。单株全年新梢总长度增加1.0倍,总叶面积增加87.1%,比叶重(SLW)减小,根冠比下降。设施栽培加剧了新梢生长和果实生长对光合产物的竞争。果实生长对设施栽培的反应主要表现在Ⅰ期、Ⅲ期延长,Ⅱ期缩短,果实整个发育期延长10～15d,各期平均长度(天数)与夜间温度呈显著负相关(r=-0.9150)。设施栽培使果实普遍增大,主要原因是果实生长Ⅰ期设施内夜温较低,促进果肉细胞分裂。

Vegetative Growth and Fruit Development of Nectarine Under Protected Cultivation Conditions

3 nectarine and 1 peach varieties were used for observing the growth and development process of shoot and fruitunder protected cultivation. Results showed that the biomass of fruit, total new shoot length and total leaf area per tree wasincreased by 66.2%, 100.0% and 87.1% respectively in the greenhouse than those in open field, but the special leaf weight(SLW) and ratio between root and canopy were decreased significantly. The competition in carbohydrates between shoot andfruit growth was aggravated by the protected cultivation conditions. Under protected cultivation conditions the fruit growth wasdisplayed in the form of prolonging stage Ⅰ and stage Ⅲ, shortening stage Ⅱ, the fruit development period (FDP) wasprolonged by 10～15 days. The average length (days) of each stage of FDP was significantly correlated with the Ta of night(r=-0.9150*). The fruits inside the greenhouse were bigger than those outside the greenhouse because the division of sarco-carp cells was promoted by the lower night temperature during stage Ⅰ inside the greenhouse.