基于RS,GIS的滇池流域水土流失变化研究

滇池已被列入国家“三河三湖”治理的重点，也是云南省九大高原湖泊保护治理的重中之重。面源污染是滇池污染的主要原因，而水土流失则是面源污染的主要来源，占面源污染总量的80％；水土流失是导致滇池环境恶化的重要因素，防治水土流失是治理滇池的重要内容。在RS与GIS技术支持下，通过对1987年和2002年2期滇池流域TM数据的处理，分析流域内的水土流失分布、面积及强度变化，得出水土流失状况趋缓的结论；结合滇池流域森林覆盖和土地利用／覆盖动态变化数据，找出水土流失变化的主要原因是森林植被覆盖率的提高；提出了加速防护林体系建设、发展生态农业和加强法制宣传教育等水土保持建议。

Study on Change of Soil Erosion in Dianchi Lake Basin Based on RS and GIS

Dianchi Lake has been listed the focus of national river bodies' harnessing, which attracts special attention in the conservation of Yunnan's nine major plateau lakes. Slice pollution is regarded as the primary cause of pollution of Dianchi Lake, and soil erosion, which accounts to 80% of the pollution amount, is the source of slice pollution. Soil erosion is the fundamental element contributing to environmental determination of Dianchi Lake, and the prevention of soil erosion is central to the harnessing. Based on the analysis on TM data in the year of 1987 and 2002 with RS and GIS, and changes of soil erosion distribution, alterations of area and intensity the result that soil erosion become slow are obtained; while the analysis on data about the dynamic change of forest coverage and land use indicates that the increase of forest coverage is the major contribution of soil erosion change. In conclusion, suggestions concerning water and soil conversation are put forward, such as speeding up shelter-belt system, developing ecological agriculture and strengthening legal education.