生物炭配施氮肥对土壤物理性质及春玉米产量的影响

在包头和通辽试验点,设0、8、16、24 t/hm^2生物炭水平及0、150、300 kg/hm^2施氮水平,研究生物炭配施氮肥对土壤物理性质及春玉米产量的影响。结果表明,在0~20 cm土层,生物炭能够显著降低土壤容重,增加土壤孔隙度,且与氮肥存在交互作用。0~20 cm和21~40 cm土层,生物炭和氮肥均可显著提高土壤含水量和蓄水量,土壤持水性随生物炭量增加呈先增后减的趋势。生物炭和氮肥均可有效降低土壤三相比偏离值。炭氮配施可显著提高春玉米产量和氮效率,包头和通辽均以8 t/hm^2生物炭配施150 kg/hm^2氮为最大值,较单施氮肥增产20.07%和15.59%。

Effects of Physical Property of Soil and Yield of Spring Corn by Combined Application of Biochar and Nitrogen

The experiment was set four treatments of different biochar dosages of 0, 8, 16, 24 t/ha and three treatments of different nitrogen dosages of 0, 150, 300 kg/ha in two test sites of Baotou and Tongliao. The influence of physical properties of soil and yield of spring maize by combined application of biochar and nitrogen was studied. The results showed that biochar could significantly reduce soil bulk density and increase soil porosity of 0-20 cm soil layer, and it interacted with nitrogen fertilizer. Biochar and nitrogen fertilizer could significantly improve soil moisture content and storage capacity in 0-20 cm and 21-40 cm soil layers. The soil water retention was a trend of increased after decreased first with biochar increased. Both biochar and nitrogen fertilizer could effectively reduce the deviation value of soil three phase ratio. Combine application of biochar and nitrogen could significantly increase the yield and nitrogen efficiency of spring corn, and the maximum of both Baotou and Tongliao were that 8 t/ha biochar combined with 150 kg/ha nitrogen fertilizer, which was increased than individual nitrogen treatment by 20.07% and 15.59%, respectively.