中国秦岭地区红腹锦鸡的冬季食性和消化道

于2002-2003年对陕西省秦岭红腹锦鸡(Chrysolophus pictus)的冬季食性和消化道的形态结构进行了研究.利用标准分类法鉴定了嗉囊中的食物种类.红腹锦鸡冬季为植食性,食物包括农作物和其他种类等至少14种植物.红腹锦鸡消化道由食道、胃、小肠(标准体长的3.4倍)、两个发达的盲肠和较短的直肠组成,具典型的植食性鸟类的特征.肌胃中含有大小不等(直径为0.5-3 mm)的石粒,石粒的平均干重10.4±2.5 g,与肌胃中食糜的重量成正相关(Pearson r=0.747,P<0.01,n=37).红腹锦鸡消化道粘膜呈弱酸性,尤以嗉囊和肌胃粘膜酸性较强.

Winter diet and digestive tract of the Golden Pheasant (Chrysolophus pictus)in the Qinling Mountains,China

The winter diet and morphological structure of the gastrointestinal tract of the Golden Pheasant(Chrysolophus pictus)was investigated in the Qinling Mountains,Shaanxi Province in2002/2003.Individual food items in crops were identified by species,where possible,using standard taxonomic methods.The Golden Pheasant consumes exclusively vegetarian foods in the winter,of at least 14 plant species,such as crops and other vegetable species.The digestive tract of the Golden Pheasant is composed of an oesophagus,a stomach,a relatively long intestine measuring 3.4 × standard body length,two fully-developed caeca and a relatively short colon,typical for herbivorous birds.Pebbles of different sizes(0.5-3 mm in diameter)were very frequent in the gizzard.The average dry weight of the pebbles was 10.4±2.5 g and was positively correlated with the weight of digesta in the gizzard(Pearson r = 0.747,p < 0.01,n = 37).The mucosa surface pH of the digestive tract of the Golden Pheasant was slightly acidic,but higher in the crop and gizzard.