新疆驴和青海驴MSTN基因多态性分析

 为揭示中国家驴 MSTN 基因的遗传多样性，以新疆驴和青海驴为研究对象，根据GenBank上公布的马的 MSTN 序列，设计9对特异性引物，利用驴混合DNA池为模板对该 MSTN 基因部分序列进行PCR扩增和测序分析。结果显示，扩增出的驴 MSTN 基因部分序列长度为3242 bp，包括5'-UTR区(671 bp)、第一外显子(373 bp)、第一内含子(1825 bp)和第二外显子(373 bp)。在该基因中共发现4个SNPs，分别为65 bp处T→Ｃ（5'-UTR），872 bp处A→G（第一外显子），2017 bp处G→A (第一内含子)，2395处C→G突变（第一内含子）。利用PCR-RFLP技术对新疆驴和青海驴共计80个样本进行基因分型，4个突变位点共检测到6种单倍型（H1-H6），其中H1是最主要的单倍型。两个家驴品种 MSTN 基因的遗传多样性很丰富（H=0.6044），这对中国驴的遗传资源保护具有重要作用。

Polymorphisms of MSTN gene in Xinjiang and Qinghai Donkey Breeds

To reveal the genetic diversity of MSTN gene in Chinese donkeys,nine primer pairs were designed to amplify and sequence the partial MSTN gene of donkeys based on previously published horse MSTN gene sequence.Eighty samples from Xinjiang and Qinghai breeds were analyzed using DNA pool as template.The result showed that the length of the MSTN gene sequence is 3 242 bp,including 5’-UTR(671 bp),exon-1(373 bp),intron-1(1 825 bp) and exon-2(373 bp).Four SNPs(g.65T→C,g.872 A→G,g.2017 G→A,g.2395 C→G) were detected in donkey MSTN gene.PCR-RFLP methods were applied to genotype the four SNPs in Xinjiang and Qinghai breeds.Six haplotypes(H1-H6) were obtained based on four SNP mutations.The average haplotype diversity(H=0.6044) of MSTN gene was abundant in two Chinese donkey breeds.The haplotype H1 was predominant.The results would be helpful for the conservation of donkey breeds in China.