辽宁花生品种对疮痂病抗性及流行时间动态分析

为明确辽宁花生产区栽培品种对疮痂病抗性差异及病害发生流行规律,通过田间小区试验,采用五点调查法对不同花生品种疮痂病田间发生情况和时间流行动态进行了系统研究.结果表明,供试18个品种花生疮痂病病情指数存在显著差异,其中主栽品种白沙1016病情指数最高,可达34.5,新花2号病情指数最低,仅为15.7.根据花生疮痂病相对抗性评价标准,供试品种整体分为3类,高感品种4份,感病品种6份,中抗品种8份,未发现免疫和高抗品种.病害发生规律表现为:7月初为始发期,7月下旬至8月下旬为病害盛发期,8月末至9月上旬为病害衰退期.Logistic模型能够较好地描述花生疮痂病病情指数随时间的流行动态,依据模型公式也推导出主栽品种白沙1016的病情指数最大,日增长量为0.89.

Resistance evaluation of peanut varieties to peanut scab and the epidemic dynamics in Liaoning Province

To investigate the resistance of peanut varieties to peanut scab and the disease epidemic dynamics in Liaoning Province, the field trial design was conducted and the method of five investigation sites were used. The severities of peanut scab were significantly different in the 18 peanut cultivars. Among them, the severity of Baisha 1016 was the highest, reaching about 34.5; the severity of Xinhua 2 was the minimum, reaching about 15.7. According to the relative resistance evaluation standard of peanut scab, the peanut varieties could be divided into three classes, i.e. four highly susceptible varieties, six susceptible and eight moderately resistant varieties, but no highly resistant and immune cultivars had been found. The results of temporal dynamics of peanut scab showed that the exponential phase began in early July, logistic phase from late July to late August, and terminal phase from late August to early September. Through comparing and analyzing the data, logistic model could well reflect the temporal dynamics of peanut scab. Baisha 1016 had the highest disease index, with an increase rate of 0.89 per day.