超级单体强度和中气旋参数分析

利用济南多普勒雷达高时空分辨率资料和济南、邢台探空资料,对2003～2008年的54个超级单体进行了分析。结果表明,SI≤-2℃、K≥30℃和0～6km风切变〉20m/s时超级单体出现的概率较高,超级单体大致可以分为孤立类和镶嵌类2类。孤立类的最大回波强度、单体VIL、强中心高度和顶高等明显大于镶嵌类,中气旋底部和顶部明显高于镶嵌类。孤立类超级单体出现冰雹的概率明显高于镶嵌类,而出现大风的概率低于镶嵌类。中气旋结构的差异性决定了超级单体强度结构的差异和天气现象的差异。

Analysis of Supercell Storm Structure and Mesocyclone Parameters

By using the high spatial and temporal resolution Jinan Doppler Weather Radar data and Jinan,Xingtai sounding data,the structure and mesocyclone parameters of 54 supercell storms during 2003~2008 were analyzed.The results showed that the probability of supercell weather would be higher when SI(showalter index)≤-2 ℃,K(K index)≥ 30 ℃ and 0-6 km wind shear>20 m/s.The supercell storms can generally be divided into two categories,namely,type of isolation and mosaic type.To the type of isolation,the max reflectivity,cell-based VIL,max reflectivity height,cell top mesocyclone bottom and top were significantly higher than the mosaic type.Isolation-type supercell had significantly higher probability of hail,lower probability of gale than the mosaic category.But the probability of strong winds occur below the mosaic category.The mesocyclone structure differences between isolation-type supercell and mosaic type supercell determined the differences in the weather phenomenon.