都市型现代农业生态服务功能开发及对策研究——以天津市为例

结合天津农业生态环境的现状,把天津都市型现代农业生态服务功能划分为7种类型:气体调节、气候调节、水源涵养、土壤形成与保护、废物处理、生物多样性保护、生态娱乐。借鉴自然生态系统价值评估方法以及国内学者制定的中国生态系统生态服务价值当量因子表,对天津市生态价值进行了估算,结果表明:2010年天津农业生态价值的现实值为307.52亿元,接近当年的农业经济价值317.33亿元。提出了天津都市型现代农业生态功能开发对策:严格保护耕地,提高农用地征用补偿标准;积极慎重地发展设施农业,防止设施农业规模盲目扩大而影响其生态功能发挥;加强生态农业建设,促进农业生态服务价值的市场转化;改善环境,形成较为完备的农业生态体系。

The Ecological Service Function Development of Urban Modern Agriculture in Tianjin City and Corresponding Countermeasures

Based on the current situation of ecological environment of agriculture in Tianjin City,we divide the ecological service function of urban modern agriculture in Tianjin City into seven types:air regulation,climate regulation,water conservation,soil formation and protection,waste disposal,biodiversity conservation,and ecological entertainment.According to the method for assessing the value of natural ecosystem,coupled with the ecological service value equivalency factor table of China's ecosystem formulated by domestic scholars,we estimate the ecological value in Tianjin City.The results show that the actual ecological value of agriculture in Tianjin City was 30.752 billion yuan in 2010,close to the agricultural economic value(31.733 billion yuan) in 2010.Finally we put forth the following countermeasures for the ecologcial function development of urban modern agriculture in Tianjin City:strictly protecting arable land,and raising the standards of compensation for agricultural land requisition;actively and prudently developing facility agriculture,and preventing the blind scale expansion of facility agriculture to better give play to its ecologcial function;strengthening the construction of ecological agriculture,and promoting the market conversion of the ecological service value of agriculture;improving the environment,to form relatively complete agro-ecological system.