干旱区黄芪耗水量及灌溉制度研究

[目的]研究干旱区的黄芪耗水量及灌溉制度。[方法]以2年生黄芪为研究对象,在宁夏中宁固海试验站设置试验区进行黄芪灌溉制度和全生育期耗水量试验研究。[结果]2年生黄芪3月底返青,株高5 cm,9月底采收时约120 cm;灌水定额在5 100～5 700m3/hm2时产量较高,在3 600～4 050 m3/hm2时较经济。灌溉制度为:4月上旬灌水900 m3,5月上旬灌水1 125 m3,6月中旬灌水1 200m3,7月中下旬灌水1 050 m3,冬灌水量1 200 m3,全生育期灌水5次,灌溉定额为5 475 m3/hm2;生长期内耗水量为7 350～8 250m3/hm2。[结论]该试验研究了黄芪生育期耗水量及其最适宜的灌水量、灌水次数及灌溉定额等关键灌溉参数,为宁夏干旱半干旱区及国内其他同类地区黄芪种植及灌溉提供技术支撑。

Research of Astragalus mongholicus Water Consumption and Irrigation System in Arid Region

[Objective] To study water consumption and irrigation system of Astragalus mongholicus in arid region.[Method] With two years A.mongholicus as object,an experiment was carried out on irrigation system and water consumption during whole growth stage in Guhai station in Zhongning,Ningxia Province.[Result] A.mongholicus turn green at March,plant height of 5 cm,and harvesting at September with height of 120 cm;yield is higher with irrigation quota about 5 100-5 700 m3/hm2;at 3 6004 050 m3/ hm2,it is more economic.Irrigation scheme is that irrigation quota 900 m3 in early April,1 125 m3 in early May,1 200 m3 in mid June,1 050 m3 in later July,1 200 m3 in winter.Total irrigation quota is 5 475 m3/hm2 and water consumption is 7 350-8 250 m3/hm2.[Conclusion] The water consumption,optimum irrigation amount,times and quota of A.mongholicus during growth period was studied,which will provide technique support for planting and irrigating A.mongholicus in arid and semi-rid region.