中麻黄生境及栽培因子研究

通过对河西地区中麻黄资源生境调查和栽培学因子及生长规律的试验研究表明:在降水量较大的河西东部,天然中麻黄分布群落较多;随着降雨量递降,中麻黄种群数量和面积递减,生长势也渐弱。中麻黄在轻、中度盐渍化土壤中生长良好,而在重度盐碱地上稀见分布。中麻黄人工种植中,当土壤含盐量在0.2 % 时,对麻黄幼苗的影响小;当土壤含盐量达0.82 % 时,出苗率为41 %,盐害死亡率达48.8 %;当土壤含盐量达0.76 % 时对当年生麻黄苗产生影响。中麻黄虽是强旱生耐瘠薄的植物,但通过合理施肥,适量灌溉等栽培技术能促进其生长发育,只需耕作农田年灌水量的1/2～1/6以及有机肥和速效氮、磷肥为主的适量施肥,就可大大提高单位面积上中麻黄的产量,提高麻黄碱含量。

Research on habitat and cultural factors of Ephedra intermedia in Hexi desert area

The habitat investigation and cultural factor experiments of Ephedra intermedia were conducted in Hexi desert area. The results show that soil moisture and salinity are the main limited factors to the high yield cultivation and management. It has weaker saline resistance in seedling stage, and seedlings is little influenced when the soil salt content is 0.2 %, finaly seedling survive ratio is reduced to 41 % when the soil salt content is 0.82 %. Suitable irrigation and fertilizers could increase growth and biomes accumulation; rotated cutting and cultivation in time could increase yield and quality in accordance with the growth regulation.