一株新属水平厌氧发酵性细菌的分离与鉴定

[目的]分离农业废弃物秸秆厌氧降解过程中重要糖类发酵性细菌,并进行生理生化特性研究及系统分类鉴定。[方法]利用亨盖特厌氧滚管技术从江西水田稻草堆腐物中分离到一株厌氧细菌NM7,基于16SrRNA基因序列分析确定该菌株的系统进化地位。[结果]菌株NM7为中温厌氧、革兰氏阴性短杆菌,能发酵多种单糖和二糖产丙酸、乙酸和少量丁酸,无氢气产生。菌株基因组DNA G＋C含量为39 mol%,16S rRNA基因序列与Paludibacter propionicigenes WB4T的同源性最高,相似性为91.6%。[结论]综合生理生化特性和系统发育分析,菌株NM7为拟杆菌门（Bacteroides）紫单胞菌科（Porphyrom onadaceae）新型菌株,代表一个新属分支,命名为Saccharibrevi-bacter Jiangxiensis,模式菌株为Saccharibrevibacter Jiangxiensis NM7T。

Isolation and Characterization of A Novel Anaerobic Fermentation Bacterium

[Objective] The aim was to isolate new anaerobic fermentative bacteria involved in the anaerobic digestion of rice straw.[Methods] Strain NM7 was isolated from a rotten rice straw stack in Ji′an,Jiangxi Province,by Hungate anaerobic roll tube method.[Results] Strain NM7 was a mesophilic,anaerobic Gram-negative bacterium.Strain NM7 could ferment various sugars and the major end products of glucose were propionate,acetate and a small amount of butyrate,whereas no hydrogen was detected.The genomic DNA G+C content was 39 mol%.16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain NM7 belonged to phylum of Bacteroides.Paludibacter propionicigenes was the most similar species with a low similarity of 91.6%.[Conclusion] On the basis of the physiological and phylogenetical data,strain NM7 represented a novel taxon in the family of Porphyromonadaceae,for which the name Saccharibrevibacter Jiangxiensis gen.nov.,sp.nov,is proposed.The type strain is NM7(=CGMCC 1.515 0T =KCTC 5 844T).