轻度盐碱地上小麦肥中不同添加物的效果初探

通过大田小区试验,研究肥料中添加不同量的腐殖酸物质、活性钙和微量元素因子配施后,对轻度盐碱地上冬小麦生长的影响。研究结果表明:在轻度盐碱地上,肥料中添加1水平微量元素因子可以普遍显著提高小麦的分蘖能力,而施用0和1水平活性钙因子对小麦分蘖也有一定促进作用;1水平腐殖酸和活性钙配施可以显著提高小麦的株高;添加腐殖酸因子可以提高小麦生长初期叶片叶绿素含量。肥料中添加腐植酸、活性钙和微量元素因子,能够显著提高小麦的生物量,而对小麦千粒重尚未产生显著影响。添加高用量的腐殖酸和微量元素因子均可以显著提高小麦产量,而活性钙因子以较低添加量时增产效果更好,本研究中则以2水平腐殖酸、0水平活性钙和1水平微量元素处理较无添加处理显著增产36%,经济效益最高,其次为2水平腐殖酸、1水平活性钙和1水平微量元素因子处理较无添加处理显著增产30.4%。因此,在本试验条件下,推荐小麦肥配方中添加2水平全水溶的腐植酸物质和1水平的微量元素因子,既保证了小麦的高产又维持了合理的肥料投入。

Effect of Different Additives in Wheat Fertilizer in Mild Saline-alkali Soil

A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of different amounts of additives (humic acid, active calcium and trace elements) on the growth of winter wheat in mild saline-alkali soil. The results showed that the addition of level 1 of trace elements could significantly enhance the tillering ability of wheat, and the addition of level 0 and level 1 of active calcium also had positive effects on it. Level 1 of humic acid and active calcium could significantly increase plant height of wheat; the addition of humic acid could increase the chlorophyll content in the early stage of wheat growth. The addition of humic acid, active calcium and trace elements could increase the biomass of wheat, but had no significant effect on the 1000-grain weight of wheat. Adding high amount of humic acid and trace elements could significantly increase the yield of wheat, while the effect of active calcium was better in low application amount. In this study, level 2 of humic acid, level 0 of active calcium and level 1 of trace elements could increase the yield by 36% and had the best economic benefit, then was level 2 of humic acid, level 1 of active calcium and level 1 of trace elements, which increasedthe yield by 30.4%. Therefore, under this condition, level 2 of humic acid and level 1 of trace elements were recommended in wheat fertilizer formula, which could ensure high yield of wheat and maintain reasonable fertilizer input.