有机物料对土壤酸碱度的影响

为了研究不同有机物料对土壤酸碱度的影响效果,采用室内土壤培养试验和生物盆栽试验相结合的方法,研究不同有机物料(秸秆、猪粪、泥炭和木质素)对石灰性潮土和酸性红壤、黄棕壤pH的动态影响效果。结果表明:施用秸秆后,土壤培养试验和油麦菜盆栽试验中潮土pH降低,红壤pH增加,但秸秆对潮土pH的降低作用及对红壤pH的增加作用均随时间延长而减弱。在樱桃萝卜及小麦盆栽试验中,秸秆对潮土和黄棕壤pH影响不显著。秸秆增加第一茬萝卜试验中红壤pH,降低第二茬试验中红壤pH。施用猪粪、泥炭和木质素后,土壤pH随时间变化不显著。施用猪粪后,潮土pH降低,红壤和黄棕壤的pH增加。泥炭可降低潮土和黄棕壤的pH,对红壤pH影响不显著。在樱桃萝卜盆栽试验中,施用木质素后潮土pH降低,第一茬试验中红壤pH升高,第二茬试验中红壤pH变化不显著。因此,只有施用猪粪降低潮土pH、增加酸性土壤(红壤和黄棕壤)pH,对土壤pH具有一定改良作用。

Effect of Organic Materials on Soil Acidity

Pot and soil incubation experiment were conducted to study the effect of organic materials (straw, pig manure, peat and lignin) on soil acidity. The results showed that the application of straw decreased the pH in calcareous soil and increased the pH in acidic red soil in the soil incubation experiment and pot experiment with leafused lettuce, but this effect decreased with time. The application of straw did not affect the pH in calcareous soil and yellow brown soil in pot experiment with cherry-red radish and winter wheat significantly. The pH in acidic red soil increased for the first harvest and decreased for the second harvest after the application of straw in the pot experiment with cherry-red radish. Soil pH did not vary with time after the application of pig manure, peat and lignin. The application of pig manure decreased the pH in calcareous soil and increased the pH in acidic red soil and yellow brown soil. The application of peat decreased the pH in calcareous soil and yellow brown soil and it did not affect the pH in acidic red soil significantly. In the pot experiment with cherry-red radish, the application of lignin decreased the pH in calcareous soil and increased the pH in acidic red soil for the first harvest, but it did not vary significantly for the second harvest. In summary, only the application of pig manure could decrease the pH in calcareous soil, increase the pH in acidic red soil and yellow brown soil and it could be used as an effective amendments to improve soil acidity.