雪龙黑牛GH、CAPN1和CAST基因多态性及其与经济性状的相关性研究

本研究以大连雪龙产业集团的F2代商品雪龙黑牛为试验动物,利用PCR-RFLP技术研究生长激素(GH)、钙激活蛋白酶(CAPN1)、钙蛋白酶抑制蛋白(CAST)基因的遗传多态性,并用最小二乘法拟合线性模型对各标记基因型与肉牛经济性状进行关联分析.结果显示,GH-P3、CAPN1 316和CAST-UoG SNPs位点属于中度多态.GH-P3位点与三角牛腩厚极显著相关(P<0.01),与上脑盖重、脂色等级显著相关(P<0.05),其中AA基因型个体三角牛腩厚分别比AB和BB基因型个体厚0.42、0.60 cm,上脑盖重分别比AB和BB基因型个体重0.52、0.78 kg,脂色等级分别比AB和BB基因型个体高0.95、1.16;CAST-UoG位点与三角牛腩厚和脂肪厚显著相关(P<0.05),其中AA基因型个体三角牛腩厚分别比AB和BB基因型个体厚0.32、0.30 cm,脂肪厚分别比AB和BB基因型个体厚0.80、0.47 cm;CAPN1 316位点与所研究的经济性状无明显的相关性(P>0.05).因此,在雪龙黑牛选育过程中可以把AA基因型作为标记基因型进行品种选育.

Genetic Polymorphisms of the GH,CAPN1 and CAST Genes and their Association with Economic Traits in Snow Dragon Black Cattle

In this experiment, genetic polymorphisms of growth hormone (GH), calcium-activated protease (CAPN1) and calpastatin (CAST) genes were studied by PCR-RFLP and analyzed their association with economic traits in Snow Dragon Black cattle by general linear model (GLM).The results showed that among the GH-P3, CAPN1 316 and CAST-UoG SNPs were moderate polymorphic.The GH-P3 SNP was very significantly associated with chuck short rib (P<0.01), significantly associated with the chuck flap and fat grade (P<0.05).The chuck short rib of AA genotype was 0.42, 0.60 cm thicker than that of AB and BB genotypes, respectively.The chuck flap of AA genotype was 0.52, 0.78 kg weightier than that of AB and BB genotypes, respectively.The fat grade of AA genotype was 0.95, 1.16 higher than that of AB and BB genotypes, respectively.The CAST-UoG SNP was significantly associated with chuck short rib and fat thickness (P<0.05).The chuck short rib of AA genotype was 0.32, 0.30 cm thicker than that of AB and BB genotypes, respectively.The fat thickness of AA genotype was 0.80, 0.47 cm thicker than that of AB and BB genotypes, respectively.CAPN1 316 SNP was no obvious association with economic traits studied (P>0.05).So we could choose AA genotype as molecular marker to benefit for the variety breeding of Snow Dragon Black cattle.