盐碱胁迫对不同砧木黄瓜嫁接苗生长及根区土壤酶活性的影响

针对黑龙江等地的苏打盐碱土壤，模拟其盐碱成分，采用盆栽的方法，以2 种耐盐碱性强的砧木和2 种耐盐碱性弱的
砧木的黄瓜嫁接苗为试材，自根苗为对照，用盐浓度为100 mmol·L^-1，pH 值 9.0 的盐碱液处理土壤，研究盐碱胁迫对不同耐
盐碱砧木嫁接黄瓜及自根苗生长状况及根区土壤酶活性的影响。结果表明，盐碱胁迫下耐盐碱性强的砧木嫁接黄瓜产量、地上
部鲜质量、地下部鲜质量、株高和叶绿素含量均显著高于耐盐碱性弱的砧木嫁接黄瓜和自根苗。盐碱胁迫下定植后30 d，耐盐
碱性强的砧木嫁接黄瓜土壤脲酶和中性磷酸酶活性高于耐盐碱性弱的砧木嫁接黄瓜及自根苗；定植后40 d，耐盐碱性强的砧木
嫁接黄瓜土壤过氧化氢酶和脱氢酶活性高于耐盐碱性弱的砧木嫁接黄瓜及自根苗；定植后50 d，耐盐碱性强的砧木嫁接黄瓜土
壤脲酶、过氧化氢酶、中性磷酸酶和脱氢酶活性均高于耐盐碱性弱的砧木嫁接黄瓜及自根苗。耐盐碱性强的砧木嫁接苗生长健
壮，受盐害程度低，说明嫁接能显著提高黄瓜的耐盐碱性；耐盐碱性强的砧木嫁接苗抗性增强与土壤酶活性提高密切相关。

Effects of Saline Stress on Growth and Rhizoplane Soil Enzyme Activities of Cucumber Seedling Grafted on Different Rootstocks

Based on the saline content and composition of the soda saline soil in Heilongjiang and other
Provinces，this experiment simulated its saline composition，adopted pot culture，grafted cucumber（ Cucumis
sativus） seedlings onto 2 salt-tolerant rootstocks，and 2 salt-sensitive rootstocks as experimental materials. Ownroot
seedlings were taken as the contrast. Saline solution（100 mmol·L^-1，pH 9.0） was used to treat the soil. We
studied the effects of salt stress on growth and soil enzyme activities of cucumber seedlings grafted on these different
rootstocks. The results indicated that the yield per plant，the ground fresh weight，the root fresh weight，the plant
height and the chlorophyll content of cucumber seedlings grafted on 2 salt-tolerant rootstocks were significantly
higher than that of the 2 salt-sensitive rootstocks and own-root cucumber. The soil urease，neutral phosphatase
activities after transplanted 30 d and the catalase，dehydrogenase activities after transplanted 40 d of cucumber
seedlings grafted on salt-tolerant rootstocks were higher than that of salt-sensitive rootstocks and own-root plants.
These 4 kinds of soil enzyme activities of cucumber seedlings grafted on salt-tolerant rootstocks after transplanted
50 d were all higher than that of salt-sensitive rootstocks and own-root cucumber. Under soil salinization
condition，cucumber seedlings grafted on salt-tolerant rootstocks grew robustly and suffered low degree of salt
injury. That account for that graft can significantly improve cucumber salt resistance； the resistance enhancement of
cucumber seedlings grafted on salt-tolerant rootstocks is closely related to the increase of soil enzyme activity.