羊痒病病原学特点与流行病学特征的研究进展

羊痒病是由羊痒病病毒在绵羊和山羊体内相互作用引起的一种中枢神经系统渐进性退化的疾病。该传染病的临床症状以潜伏期长、剧痒、中枢神经系统变性、共济失调和病死率高为主要特征。本病对养羊业危害较大，是最早所知的动物传染性海绵状脑病。羊痒病疫情虽然在中国发生较少，但目前在世界各地均有流行，对中国的潜在威胁也越来越大。因此，加强对该病的病原学、流行病学特征的认识对其综合防控具有十分重要的意义。作者主要介绍了目前国内外羊痒病病原学和流行病学特征的研究进展及综合性防控措施，以期为其防控提供一定的理论依据。

Research Progress on the Pathogen and Epidemiological Characteristics of Sheep Scrapie

Sheep scrapie is a central nervous system progressive degeneration disease which is caused by scrapie infection factor in sheep and goats.The main clinical symptom features of this disease are long incubation period, itching, central nervous system degeneration and high mortality. Sheep scrapie is harmful for the sheep industry, and it is the earliest known animal prion diseases.The disease is rare in China but is very popular in the world, and the potential threat to China is growing. Therefore, strengthening of the awareness of disease etiology and epidemiology is very important to comprehensive prevention measures of sheep scrapie.In order to provide certain theoretical basis for the prevention of the disease,the author mainly introduced the pathogen, epidemiology and comprehensive prevention measures of sheep scrapie at home and abroad.