中国近海藻类养殖生态价值评估初探

海藻养殖是我国渔业产业重要组成部分，具有多重生态功能。利用造林成本法、工业制氧价格法、生产成本法等方法，对海藻养殖的固碳、释氧、吸收水体营养物质三方面生态价值进行了评估。结果表明，2000-2012年海藻养殖产生的生态价值为6 090 284万元/a。其中，固定CO2生态价值为42 916万元/a，释放O2生态价值为63 389万元/a，吸收N、P元素生态价值为5 983 979万元/a，约占到总价值比例超过98%。构建了海藻养殖生态价值指数和固碳、释氧生态价值指数与吸收N、P元素生态价值指数两个子指数。加强对海藻养殖生态功能的研究，为海藻养殖生态价值核算与生态补偿机制建立奠定基础。

Initial Assessment of Seaweed Farming Ecological Value in Coastal Waters of China

Seaweed farming is an important part of fishery industry in China. It has multiple ecological functions. This paper used reforestation cost approach, industrial oxygen price method and production cost method to evaluate the ecological value of seaweed farming including carbon sink, oxygen release and absorption of nutrients in the sea. The results indicated that during 2000-2012, the annual ecological value of seaweed farming was about 6.09 billion Yuan/a RMB. Among which the ecological value of carbon sinks was 0.43 billion Yuan/a, releasing oxygen was 0.63 billion Yuan/a, N, P absorption was 59.84 billion Yuan/a, which accounts for over 98% of the total value. Seaweed farming ecological value index and 2 sub\|indices of carbon sinks, ecological value index oxygen release and absorption N, P were constructed. The paper suggested to strengthen the research on seaweed farming ecological functions, so as to lay a foundation for establishing a mechanism for seaweed farming ecological value accounting and ecological compensation.