肌细胞生成素基因多态性对京海黄鸡繁殖性状的遗传效应研究

本研究旨在探讨肌细胞生成素(myogenin，MyoG)基因多态性与鸡繁殖性状间的相关性。以378只京海黄鸡为研究对象，采用PCR-SSCP技术研究MyoG基因外显子的多态性。运用最小二乘法分析这些突变位点形成的基因型与京海黄鸡繁殖性状间的相关性。结果表明，MyoG基因外显子1上存在1个G102A突变，外显子3上存在1个T36C突变，分别形成基因型AA、AB、BB和CC、CD、DD。关联分析结果显示，基因型AA、AB和BB在京海黄鸡繁殖性状上无显著差异（P＞0.05）；基因型CC和DD在京海黄鸡开产体重上存在显著差异（P＜0.05），在其余性状上各基因型差异均不显著（P＞0.05）。因此，推测MyoG基因对京海黄鸡的繁殖性状无显著影响，为探索鸡育种过程中的标记辅助选择提供参考资料。

Research on Genetic Effects of Myogenin Gene SNPs on the Reproductive Traits in Jinghai Yellow Chicken

The objective of this study was to analyze the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in MyoG gene with chicken reproductive traits. In this study, PCR-SSCP approach was applied to assess SNPs of MyoG. Genetic effects were analyzed between different genotypes and reproductive traits of 378 Jinghai Yellow chicken by using the least square analysis. The results showed that sequencing revealed one mutation (G102A) on exon 1 of MyoG gene in the genotype AA in comparison to the genotype BB while other mutation (T36C) on exon 3 of MyoG gene in the genotype CC in comparison to the genotype DD. The least square analysis showed that there was no significant difference among genotype AA，AB and BB (P＞0.05). While individuals with DD genotype had advantages on weight at first egg than those with CC genotype (P＜0.05). In other reproductive traits, there was no significant difference among genotype CC，CD and DD (P＞0.05). It suggested that SNPs of MyoG gene had no significant effects on reproductive traits of Jinghai Yellow chicken and which could be used in marker-assisted selection to accelerate the chicken breeding progress.