闽南沿海石矿区植物配置模式对水土保持的影响

闽南沿海石材开采区不同植物配置模式造林试验结果表明:采用厚荚相思与马尾松单行混交,林下套种葛藤;巨尾桉与马尾松单行混交,林下套种葛藤;以及芒果纯林,林下套种类芦3种模式造林土壤侵蚀量小,与未造林地相比,土壤侵蚀量分别减少了65.57%、59.02%和55.74%,而且这3种模式地上部分持水能力和土壤渗水能力较大;而夹竹桃纯林和马尾松纯林2种模式造林土壤侵蚀量较大,与未造林地相比,仅分别减少37.70%和49.18%,且这2种模式地上持水能力和土壤渗水能力较小。石矿区采用针阔树种混交,林下套种草本或藤本植物有利于保持水土,涵养水源。

Effect on Water and Soil Conservation of Models of Plant Arrangement in Quarry Region of Coast in South Fujian

Through the planting experiment of different models of plant arrangement in production zone of dimension stone in Fujian costal zone,the result showed that soil erosion amount declined by one-row mixing with Acacia crassicarpa and Pinus massoniana,interplanting of Pueraria lobata;one-row mixing with Eucalyptus grandis ×E.urophylla and Pinus massoniana,interplanting of Pueraria lobata;and mango pure stand,interplanting of Neyraudia reynaudiana Keng,respectively.Compared with unplanted land,the soil erosion amount of these 3 models decreased 65.57%,59.02%and 55.74% respectively,and these 3 models had high water binding capacity above ground and soil penetrating capacity.While the soil erosion amount of the afforestation model of Nerium indicum pure stands and Pinus massoniana was larger than that of the other 3 models and only decreased 37.70% and 49.18% respectively compared with the unplanted land,and these 2 models had small water binding capacity above ground and soil penetrating capacity.The above showed that the mixed coniferous and broadleaf stands with interplanting of grass or rattan in production zone of dimenson stone are beneficial for water and soil conservation.