成渝地区双城经济圈生态空间区划及管控机制

成渝地区双城经济圈生态空间是我国西南地区生态文明建设重要组成部分。以成渝地区双城经济圈生态空间为研究对象,基于复合生态系统、山水林田湖草沙一体化保护和治理等理论,从政策目标、公众需求等方面综合选取评价指标,采用变异系数法、判断矩阵法开展生态空间区划并提出相应管控机制。结果表明:(1)10年间ESQ表现出稳中向好趋势,空间上呈中部低,四周高的盆地型分布格局,质量等级变化呈中部向好、四周持稳特点,以不变和变好为主;(2)ESQ处于弱变异和中等变异之间,且弱变异面积占比大,ESQ整体较稳定;(3)综合质量变化特征和稳定性分析,将生态空间划分为重点保护区、潜在修复区、重点修复区和生态保育区,对重点保护区重点实施原生态保护,开展封禁自然保育;重点修复区主要为人工生态系统,重点实施人工修复,开展生态修复和治理工程;潜在修复区应以保护优先,自然恢复为主,努力提升整体生态状态;生态保育区是研究区生态空间的主要类型,应实施生态保育,在生态保护的基础上,可合理进行生产开发建设,该区域可为研究区未来城市发展提供战略方向并作为发展预留空间。对生态空间分区管控研究可方便决策者对生态保护修复空间进行识别和管理,为未来成渝地区双城经济圈发展方向提供新思路。

Research on Ecological Spatial Zoning and Control Mechanism of Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle

The ecological space of Chengdu-Chongqing Twin Cities Economic Circle is an important part of ecological civilization construction in southwest China. Taking the ecological space of Shuangcheng economic circle in Chengdu-Chongqing region as the research object, based on the theories of composite ecosystem, integrated protection and management of mountains, water forests, fields, lakes, grass and sand, this study comprehensively selected evaluation indicators from the aspects of policy objectives and public demand, used the coefficient of variation method and judgment matrix method to carry out ecological spatial zoning and proposes corresponding control mechanisms. The results showed that: (1) ESQ showed a stable and positive trend in the past 10 years, with a basin-type distribution pattern of low central space and high four weeks, and the quality grade change showed the characteristics of good in the middle and stable in all around, mainly unchanged and improving; (2) ESQ was between weak variation and medium variation, and the proportion of weak variation area was large, and ESQ was relatively stable as a whole; (3) Based on the analysis of quality change characteristics and stability, the ecological space was divided into key protected areas, potential restoration areas, key restoration areas and ecological conservation areas. Implemented original ecological protection in key protected areas, and carryed out closed nature conservation; the key restoration areas were mainly artificial ecosystems, focusing on the implementation of artificial restoration, and carrying out ecological restoration and treatment projects; potential restoration areas should give priority to protection, focused on natural restoration, and strive to improve the overall ecological state; ecological conservation area was the main type of ecological space in the research area, ecological conservation should be implemented, on the basis of ecological protection, production development and construction could be reasonably carried out, and this area could provide strategic direction for the future urban development of the research area and reserve space for development. The study of zoning management and control of ecological space can facilitate decision-makers to identify and manage ecological protection and restoration space, and provide new ideas for the future development direction of the Chengdu-Chongqing Twin Cities Economic Circle.