广西猕猴桃果实病害病原菌的分离与鉴定

为了弄清广西各猕猴桃产区猕猴桃果实病害的病原菌种类,作者于2021年8-9月采果期收集了广西壮族自治区桂林市、河池市、百色市、贺州市及宜州市等5个市15个猕猴桃主产县38个代表性果园的成熟果实进行病果的病原菌的分离与鉴定。共计分离获得174份真菌材料和5份细菌材料,分别使用鉴定真菌的通用引物ITS1/ITS4和鉴定细菌的通用引物27F /1429R做PCR 扩增。将序列在NCBI数据库中进行Blast比对,确定菌株的分类地位。结果发现15个主产县猕猴桃果实病害的病原真菌主要有葡萄座腔菌科的2个属Botryosphaeria和Neofusicoccum、二孢菌属(Lasiodiplodia)、间座壳菌属(Diaporthe)、枝孢菌属(Cladosporium)、 镰刀菌(Fusarium)、炭疽菌属(Colletotrichum) 、毛霉属(Mucor)和类拟盘多毛孢属(Neopestalotiopsis),其中葡萄座腔菌属、间座壳菌属、二孢菌属和Neofusicoccum为主要真菌,分别占获得真菌材料总份数的47.70%,29.89%,9.20%和6.90%,毛霉属和类拟盘多毛孢属为猕猴桃果实病原菌系首次报道。病原细菌种类有葡萄杆菌(Gluconobacter)、Atlantibacter 和泛菌属(Pantoea),这3个属的细菌在猕猴桃果实病原细菌相关报道中均未见报道。鉴定结果初步锁定了广西猕猴桃果实病害病原菌种类,可为猕猴桃果实病害的预测及综合防治提供理论依据。

Isolation and identification of kiwifruit disease pathogens in Guangxi

In identify the species of kiwifruit disease pathogens in Guangxi Zhuangzu Autonomous Region Province, we collected ripe fruit with disease from 38 representative kiwifruit orchards, in 15counties, in 5 cities, and then undertake the pathogen isolation and identification. A total of 174 fungal strains and 5 bacterial strains were isolated. They were identified by PCR amplification using ITS1/ITS4 and 27F /1429R, respectively. Sequences were blasted in NCBI database to determin the taxonomic status of strains. The results showed that the fungal pathogens were Botryosphaeria, Neofusicoccum, Lasiodiplodia, Diaporthe, Cladosporium, Fusarium, Colletotrichum, Mucor and Neopestalotiopsis. The major of fungus were Botryosphaeria, Neofusicoccum, Lasiodiplodia and Diaporthe, in the total number of fungal materials accounted for 47.70%,29.89%,9.20% and 6.90%, respectively. While Mucor and Neopestalotiopsis were the first report of pathogen in kiwifruit. The bacteria pathogens were belongs to Gluconobacter, Atlantibacter and Pantoea, they were not been reported in kiwifruit previously. The result of Identification initially identified the pathogen species of kiwifruit disease in Guangxi, and provided theoretical basis for the prediction and integrated control of kiwifruit disease.