小麦秸秆往复式切割试验台设计与应用

为研究小麦秸秆的切割性能，设计了可在实验室模拟田间小麦收获时秸秆切割过程的往复式切割试验台。试验台由机体架、割台、推动架、曲柄连杆、交流电机等组成，该试验台在前进速度0～1.8m/s、切割速度0～1.6m/s、切割倾角0～30°、刀片间隙0.8～3mm范围内可调。对切割试验台的工作性能和小麦秸秆切割性能进行了试验研究，试验采用四因素四水平正交试验法和单因素试验法。试验结果表明：通过极差R判定影响切割性能的主次因子依次为切割位置、切割速度、刀片间隙和切割器倾角，在给定因素水平上的较优组合是：切割速度为1.4m/s，切割器倾角为20°，刀片间隙为1mm，切割位置为第3节。

Design and Experiment of Wheat Straw Cutting Reciprocating Test Bench

In order to analyze the cutting performance of wheat straw, reciprocating cutting test bench for simulating the cutting process of wheat straw in laboratory was designed. The designed test bench was composed of body frame, chopped header, crank connecting link, AC motor and etc. The forward speed was 0~1.8m/s, cutting speed was 0~1.6m/s, cutting angle was 0~30°, and adjustable blade gap was in the range of 0.8~3mm. The paper mainly focused on the working performance of test bench and cutting performance for wheat straw. Orthogonal test with four factors and four levels and single factor test was carried out. The results showed that: with the range R, the order of factors affected the cutting performance could be determined as: cutting position, cutting speed, blade gap and cutting angle. With a given experimental factors and levels, the optimum combination of parameters were: cutting speed of 1.4m/s, cutting angle of 20°, blade gap of 1mm and cutting position of the third section of wheat straw.